On 23 March 2001 sixteen leading Australian scientists were elected to the Fellowship. There are now 332 Fellows of the Academy. The new Fellows came from the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia, South Australia, Queensland and Tasmania. Some information on each new Fellow is given below.
Professor Allan Canty, Head, Department of Chemistry, University of Tasmania. Allan Canty is an outstanding contributor to the expanding field of organometallic chemistry, especially that of the heavier metals. His early work was concerned mainly with the interaction of organomercury compounds with biologically important molecules, such as amino-acids and DNA bases, and provides essential information relevant to the action of mercury in the environment. In the last twelve years, he has synthesised and characterised compounds that are relevant to current lively discussions of the mechanisms of numerous organic reactions catalysed by palladium compounds, namely the reasonably stable s-bonded alkyls of palladium(IV).
Professor Robert Clark, Professor of Experimental Physics, University of New South Wales. Robert Clark has established two of the country's most advanced research laboratories, the National Pulsed Magnet Laboratory and Semiconductor Nanofabrication Facility. Both of these are central to the new Australian Research Council SRC for Quantum Computer Technology of which he is Director. A highlight of his research was the first indirect measurement of fractional electronic charge in the fractional quantum Hall regime and the elucidation of the critical role played by electron spin in this phenomenon. He also pioneered the optical detection of the fractional quantum Hall effect, and he observed the electron solid, known as the Wigner crystal.
Professor Andrew Cockburn, Professor of Botany and Zoology, Australian National University. Andrew Cockburn has an international reputation for his contributions to behavioural ecology and evolutionary theory. His long-term studies of Australian birds and mammals with idiosyncratic life histories have provided insights into otherwise intractable questions in evolution. For instance, the remarkable life history of Antechinus has allowed unique tests of theories pertaining to sex allocation, litter size and sex-biased dispersal to be performed. More recently, Cockburn has sought out the causes of the disproportionate occurrence of complex social systems in Australian birds. His research also uses the extreme level of cuckoldry in fairy-wrens to provide insight into how genetic variation can persist in the face of strong selection. His work provides a novel integration of ecology and evolutionary theory.
Professor Max Coltheart, Director, Macquarie Centre for Cognitive Science, Macquarie University. Max Coltheart's distinguished experimental research in cognitive neuropsychology and his theoretical contributions have established him as a leading authority, particularly in the neuropsychology of reading disability (dyslexia) and disorders of semantic memory and language. His widely cited research has had a major impact in shaping the work of others in Australia and in major research centres abroad and is generally acknowledged as having lead to a much clearer understanding of the nature of language and memory disorders and appropriate means for their treatment. He is the founding Editor (1984) and Editor-in-Chief of Cognitive Neuropsychology, the most influential journal in its field, and has served as Editor of the British Journal of Psychology (1972-1985) and as President of the Experimental Psychology Society in the UK (1985-1987).
Professor Alan Cowman, Head, Infection and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne. Alan Cowman has made important contributions towards our understanding of Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of the most severe form in human malaria. In particular, he and his colleagues have elucidated the mechanisms of resistance that this parasite uses to evade the most important antimalarial agents used for both control and treatment of this disease. This has implications for the epidemiological analysis of drug resistance genes and the development of novel antimalarials. Additionally, he has made important contributions to our understanding of the structure of the P. falciparum genome and the function of important virulence determinants of this infectious organism.
Professor Maxwell Crossley, Professor of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry), University of Sydney. Max Crossley has made seminal contributions to the understanding of porphyrin structure and has devised methods for controlled introduction of substituents into the porphyrin nucleus. More recently he has used this knowledge to design and synthesise large molecular and supramolecular assemblies that exploit the redox and photochemical properties of the porphyrins with the aim of producing molecular devices – a process often referred to as 'molecular engineering'.
Professor Ross Griffiths, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Group, Australian National University. Ross Griffiths has carried out experimental and theoretical research in fluid dynamics, with far-reaching applications in the diverse fields of ocean modelling, volcanology and convection in the Earth's interior. His work has illuminated the behaviour of ocean eddies, as they interact with each other and with boundaries, coastal and bottom currents, and of convection and mixing in the ocean. His innovative models of solidifying lava flows and domes have established a new understanding of their behaviour, which has rapidly become influential among volcanologists. His modelling of the ascent of hot plumes in the Earth's mantle has led to a compelling dynamical theory that underpins the current widely accepted explanation of the origin of volcanic hot-spots.
Dr Patrick Holt, Deputy Director and Head, Division of Cell Biology, TVW Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Perth. Patrick Holt is recognised internationally for his pioneering studies on the identification and characterisation of the cellular interactions responsible for regulating immunity in the airways. He was the first: (a) to discover the respiratory mucosal dendritic cell network and its 'gatekeeper' function in antigen surveillance and induction of primary immunity in the lung; (b) to delineate an opposing inhibitory role for endogenous tissue macrophages in controlling T cell memory at that site. His work has profound implications for the understanding of susceptibility to asthma, immunisation with and tolerance induction to antigens delivered via the respiratory route and early intervention in allergic diseases.
Professor Terence Hughes, Department of Marine Biology, James Cook University, Townsville. Terry Hughes has made outstanding contributions to marine biology and coral reef ecology. He studies demography and life histories and has defined new ways of modelling population dynamics. His models have been applied in both terrestrial and marine systems, they have been cited extensively and now appear in many textbooks. His quantitative analysis of community dynamics includes the first detailed account of the mechanisms underlying long-term degradation of coral reefs. Recent research on large-scale processes, including gene flow in marine organisms and regional variation in the dynamics of the Great Barrier Reef, published in Science and Nature, has been of enormous significance internationally.
Professor Paul McCormick, Professor of Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Australia. Paul McCormick has made distinguished contributions to materials science, industrial innovation and to solar energy studies. He has formulated a model, which is the basis of current dynamic strain ageing theory. He extended his own constitutive model of time-dependent dynamic strain phenomena to describe time-dependent magnetisation effects. He has utilised mechanical alloying and mechanochemical processing for destruction of toxic wastes (DDT and PCBs), the preparation of new magnetic materials and the production of nano particulate powders. McCormick has been instrumental in establishing Advanced Powder Technology Pty Ltd, to exploit these discoveries.
Professor Yiu-Wing Mai, Director, Centre for Advanced Materials Technology, University of Sydney. Yiu-Wing Mai has made important contributions to the fundamental understanding of the fracture behaviour of a broad range of advanced engineering materials. He has developed a unified crack-wake bridging model for coarse-grained ceramics, fibre cements and stitched composites, which accounts for subtle size and geometry effects. His ingenious work on composite interfaces has led to the development of engineered composites with high strength and high toughness. Other achievements include studies on the energetic approach to fracture, the 'essential fracture work' technique, and composites manufacturing processes.
Professor Ian Ritchie, A J Parker CRC for Hydrometallurgy, Murdoch University. Ian Ritchie's distinguished career in science, in US industry and in Australian universities, has culminated in his outstanding role as Past Director of the A J Parker CRC for Hydrometallurgy. He has made important contributions to interconnected areas of electrochemistry, physical chemistry, chemical engineering, solid state physics, mineral processing and especially electrometallurgy. His recent basic research on the fundamentals of gold dissolution in cyanide solutions is arguably the most important advance in gold hydrometallurgy in decades.
Professor Sally Smith, Director, Centre for Plant Root Symbioses, University of Adelaide. Sally Smith is a world authority on the mycorrhizal symbiosis between plants and fungi, and has co-authored the most definitive text on the subject. To attack the very difficult problems this symbiosis presents she has developed many important multidisciplinary collaborations. With them she has made outstanding contributions to our understanding of the structure of the plant-fungal interface, of nutrient transfer across it and of the molecular processes involved in forming and controlling the interface. Having made pioneering advances in understanding nutrient transfer in ectomycorrhizal associations, she is now the centre of an exciting attack on the fundamental processes in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas.
Professor Terence Speed, Senior Principal Research Scientist, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne. Terry Speed has made a number of original contributions to statistics and genetics. He developed new approaches to modelling and depicting complex dependence relationships between arbitrary collections of random quantities, and much of the now active field of graphical and causal models builds on his research. He created new algebraic tools to extend and simplify the standard theory of analysis of variance. In genetics he has clarified the notion of genetic map function and significantly broadened the class of tractable stochastic models of genetic recombination. At the same time he has also carried out and published many innovative statistical analyses.
Professor Richard Williamson, Plant Cell Biology Group, Australian National University. Richard Williamson's studies of motility in plant cells have had a major impact on the course of plant cell biological research. He independently co-discovered plant actin; from a novel experimental preparation, he developed the first explanation for organelle movement in plants based on acto-myosin-ATP (now fully substantiated); he was first to demonstrate responses to micromolar calcium ions and first to measure free calcium at these levels in plant cytoplasm. In 1990 he turned to molecular genetics of plant cell morphogenesis, significantly advancing knowledge of the role of microtubules in cell wall formation, and his very recent, definitive and widely publicised characterisation of a gene that synthesises cellulose – the world's most abundant biopolymer – has been hailed as a seminal breakthrough in one of the longest-standing and intractable problem areas in plant science.
Professor Robert Williamson, Director, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria. Robert Williamson is distinguished internationally for his significant and fundamental contributions to human genetics. His early studies and polysomes helped to establish the existence of mRNA in mammalian cells. He led research into the molecular genetics of the thalassaemias and was the first to clone the human globin genes as cDNAs in 1977. This led to gene mapping for thalassaemias, muscular dystrophies and cystic fibrosis as well as identifying the mutations causing Alzheimer's disease and myotonic dystrophy. He has taken a major interest in gene therapy, using liposomes to introduce genes for CFTR in a clinical trial with cystic fibrosis patients in London and studies of gene therapy for ataxia and thalassaemia in Melbourne. He has a major interest in education and ethics as applied to human genetics.
On 24 March 2000 thirteen leading Australian scientists were elected to the Fellowship. The new Fellows came from New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland and Western Australia. Some information on each new Fellow is given below.
Professor Bruce Armstrong, Director, Cancer Research and Registers Division, New South Wales Cancer Council. Professor Armstrong is a public health scientist who has used quantitative methods in his scientific contributions to epidemiology, especially in the field of cancer epidemiology. He has advanced our knowledge of the epidemiology, causes and control of malignant melanoma; studied the role of diet in human cancers of the breast and uterus; and considered the epidemiology and control of asbestos-related cancer. He has also clarified the relationship of diet and alcohol to blood pressure.
Professor Adrian Baddeley, Professor of Mathematics (Probability and Statistics), University of Western Australia. Adrian Baddeley has done outstanding work in the difficult areas of statistical image analysis, and spatial statistics. He has solved a variety of important practical problems using sophisticated mathematical methods. In particular, for applications to microscopy, he has developed important techniques for estimating surface area from plane sections. His work on anisotropic sampling design has broken the mould of previous theory, and led to further new developments by leading researchers in the field. He has introduced ways of measuring 'error' in image reconstruction or image transmission, and contributed to a wide range of other areas of spatial statistics and probability, from point processes and random sets to object recognition, sampling theory for stereology, censoring and edge effects, integral geometry, parametric inference and, very recently, development of an exceptionally innovative estimator in the context of spatial survival analysis.
Dr Robin Batterham, Chief Scientist, Commonwealth of Australia. Robin Batterham, a chemical engineer (Melbourne University), has a lively range of interests straddling the two worlds of laboratory science and industrial development. In CSIRO he was Chief of the Division of Mineral Engineering (1984-88). From 1988 he has held senior positions in technology development with CRA Limited, now Rio Tinto Limited. He is currently Managing Director, Research and Technology Support, Comalco, and Chief Technologist, Rio Tinto Limited. Since 1990 he has played an important role in the Cooperative Research Centres program, as a panel member in physical sciences, and subsequently as a member of the CRC committee itself. In 1999 he was appointed Chief Scientist.
Professor Julie Campbell, Director, Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University of Queensland. Julie Campbell has pioneered the use of cell culture to study interactions between the constituents of the vascular wall, important in the development of arterial disease and restenosis after surgical dilation of blocked arteries. Her seminal discovery is that in most cases before mature smooth muscle cells (SMC) of the artery wall can divide, they must undergo a reversible change in phenotype. She subsequently described phenotype-dependent changes in matrix synthesis, lipoprotein metabolism, cell surface receptor expression and the expression of various genes. Her work has profoundly influenced concepts on formation of atherosclerotic plaques, and stimulated ideas on the diversity of smooth muscle cells. Her most recent work has been the development of an artificial blood vessel from cells of the bone marrow.
Professor Victor Flambaum, Professor of Theoretical Physics, University of New South Wales. Victor Flambaum, with his co-workers, has produced important results on the violation of fundamental symmetries of physics. One was the prediction of a million-fold enhancement of the normally very small violation of the symmetry between left and right in neutron-nucleus reactions which opened a new area of research. The existence of the nuclear anapole moment is also a consequence of the breaking of this symmetry, and he made the first calculation of this quantity, and suggested atomic experiments which lead to measurement of this moment in 1997. His group made the most accurate calculations of parity violation in atoms. Since coming to Australia his work has included predictions of collective effects of time invariance violation in nuclei, the study of quantum chaos in complex atoms, and a new statistical theory of finite Fermi systems based on the properties of chaotic eigenstates.
Professor Bruce Kemp, Deputy Director, NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellow, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, University of Melbourne. Bruce Kemp is a major contributor to our understanding of an important class of regulatory enzymes called protein kinases. Starting with the cAMP-dependent protein kinase in the mid-70s he delineated how these enzymes recognise substrates and developed the simple concept that recognition depended on small structural elements, one of which bears his name as Kemptide. He also showed that a common mechanism for regulating protein kinases involved them acting as a pseudosubstrate at a specific locus within the enzyme's active site which had to be removed to achieve kinase activation. This self-regulatory mechanism is called intrasteric control and applies to many different enzymes.
Professor Keith Nugent, Professor of Physics, University of Melbourne. Keith Nugent is a distinguished optical physicist who has been singularly creative from an early age. Much of his work has been devoted to problems of neutron and X-ray optics for which refractive materials are not available, and lenses cannot be made. In collaboration with Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, he showed how to use the penumbra in shadowing to image fast neutrons from a thermonuclear plasma. He developed an X-ray imaging system, rather like a lobster-eye, yielding an all-sky X-ray telescope for an international collaboration. By extracting phase information from intensity measurements on two planes, he showed that one can measure phases in optics, and thus generate images, without lenses. This will permit imaging with synchrotron radiation and is important for other forms of microscopy. He has also made contributions to X-ray holography, coherence measurement and near field optics.
Professor Mark Randolph, Professor of Civil Engineering and Director, Special Research Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems, University of Western Australia. Mark Randolph has made outstanding fundamental contributions to foundation and offshore engineering that have found world-wide application in civil engineering and offshore projects. A feature of his work has been the development of simple and practical solutions to complex problems. Examples include: expressions for the elastic response of pile foundations under loading; a plasticity solution for the flow of soil around pipelines; the analysis of drag anchors and novel designs for piled raft foundations. He has pioneered the development of geotechnical centrifuge modelling in Australia.
Professor Peter Reeves, Professor of Microbiology, University of Sydney. Peter Reeves is internationally renowned for his analysis of the genetics and evolution of enteric bacteria. He determined the genetic basis of the enormous variation in O antigens. There can be more than 100 forms within a species and little overlap even between related species. This variation is due to reassortment of genes between O antigen genes and other gene clusters, and transfer of gene clusters between species. He showed that the 7th pandemic clone of Vibrio cholerae did not arise directly from the 6th pandemic clone, the two clones probably arising independently from related environmental strains. This has important implications for our understanding of this major human related pathogen.
Professor Richard Robson, Associate Professor, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne. Richard Robson has played a pioneering role in two major areas of inorganic chemistry. Both involve the design of molecular organisation to achieve unusual functional or structural outcomes. The first was the synthesis of macrocyclic ligands able to bind more than one metal ion which could then act in a concerted and catalytic manner. These systems mimic enzymic catalysis and the work triggered many similar studies all over the world. The second development was a strategy for using these di-, tetra-, and multi-nucleating systems to build infinite network materials which are potentially the microporous catalysts of the future. This crystal engineering and design showed a way forward into fruitful new areas of solid state synthesis which has now been used by many others.
Professor Lesley Rogers, Professor of Neuroscience and Animal Behaviour, University of New England. Lesley Rogers has made important contributions to our understanding of brain development and behaviour. She recognised lateralisation in the chick forebrain at a time when lateralisation was still believed to be a unique feature of the human brain. Later it became known that hemispheric specialisation is a characteristic of the brain of many vertebrate species. Rogers also discovered that lateralisation of visual projections and visual behaviour is caused by the exposure of the chick embryo to light just before hatching. The developing chick brain has proved to be an excellent model for investigating the factors influencing development and she has used it to study the influence of hormonal and experiential factors on neural and behavioural development and memory formation.
Professor Joseph Sambrook, Director of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne. Joseph Sambrook is best known for his studies on DNA tumour viruses and the molecular biology of normal and neoplastic cells. His Tumour Virus Group at Cold Spring Harbor identified and mapped all of the major genes of adenoviruses and SV40, determined their transcriptional control in infected and transformed cells, and elucidated the mechanism of integration of these viruses into the genome of the host cell. He has also made important contributions to our understanding of intracellular traffic and protein folding and is an influential leader in the field of the molecular genetics of human cancer. He returned to Australia in 1995 as Foundation Director of Research at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute of Melbourne. He is the founder and director of KConFab, a national consortium for the study of familial aspects of breast cancer.
Professor Curt Wentrup, Professor of Organic Chemistry, University of Queensland. Curt Wentrup is one of the leading experts worldwide in the field of reactive intermediates, i.e. short-lived intermediates that occur in the course of chemical reactions. He has contributed very substantially to the knowledge of carbene and nitrene chemistry and is without doubt Australia's leading expert in this field. He has developed the coupling of flash vacuum thermolysis with matrix isolation spectroscopy and used this technique to characterise a wide variety of new intermediates of relevance to the mechanisms of organic reactions as well as to chemistry in interstellar space. This work has led to the discovery of new reactions and the synthesis of many novel molecules, some of them not obtainable in other ways. It is therefore of potential use in preparative organic chemistry. The chemistry of the novel molecules called iminopropadienones, with the general structure RN=C=C=C=O, and the new compounds that can be synthesised from them, are examples.
Corresponding Members
Two distinguished foreign scientists elected Corresponding Members in 1999 visited the Academy. Professor Bertil Anderson is Chairman of the Department of Biochemistry at Stockholm University and Lord Oxburgh is Rector of the Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine in London.
Deaths
We regret to record the deaths of Professor E S Barnes, Professor G K Batchelor (Corresponding Member), Dr J H Michael, Sir Mark Oliphant, Professor A E Perry, Dr J M Rendel, Sir Rutherford Robertson, Dr D F Waterhouse and Dr A J Woolcock. Extended memoirs of former Fellows are published in Historical Records of Australian Science.
Honours to Fellows
The following were appointed to the Order of Australia: Companion; Professor R Porter; Member; Professor F P Larkins and Professor A J Pittard.
The inaugural Prime Minister's Prize for Science was awarded to Fellows Dr E S Dennis and Dr W J Peacock. They shared the prize for their research in plant molecular biology, which found and manipulated the gene which controls plant flowering.
Professor F J Fenner was awarded the Albert Einstein World Award of Science for 2000. The Award recognises people whose scientific and technological achievements have brought progress to science and benefit to humanity.
The US Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers has awarded its 2001 IEEE James H Mulligan Jr Education Medal to Professor B D O Anderson for 'outstanding graduate texts of lasting value and far-reaching international influence, and for outstanding leadership in the development of electrical engineering education in Australia'.
The Institution of Engineers, Australia, the Institution of Chemical Engineers in Australia and the Royal Australian Chemical Institute have awarded the 2000 Chemeca Medal to Professor D V Boger.
The Royal Society of London has presented its Royal Medal to Professor G Burnstock. The medal recognised 'his development of new hypotheses challenging the accepted views on autonomic neurotransmission'.
Professor J A Young was awarded a Research Prize by the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung in Berlin, in May 2000 and was elected President of the Federation of Asian and Oceanian Physiological Societies for 2000-2004.
The Max Planck Institute in Germany has awarded the Max Planck Research Award 2000 to Professor B Kemp.
Three Fellows of the Academy were elected Fellows of the Royal Society in 2000: Professor W J Ewens, Professor P G Hall and Professor T J Martin.
The US National Academy of Sciences awarded its 2000 Gilbert Morgan Smith Medal to Dr S W Jeffrey. The medal is awarded for excellence in published research on marine or freshwater algae. Dr Jeffrey was also elected a Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences.
The Paul Ehrlich Foundation in Germany awarded its Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize 2000 to Professor J F R Kerr, for his seminal work in the field of cell death by apoptosis. The prize was shared with Professor H R Horvitz.
COUNCIL AND ADMINISTRATION
The Academy's affairs are conducted by a Council of sixteen Fellows elected by the Annual General Meeting. The Council meets five times each year, and between its meetings the Executive Committee, comprising the six Officers, has delegated authority to ensure that business is managed effectively, and in a timely way.
At the Annual General Meeting in 2000, Professor M N Barber, Dr A D McEwan and Professor R H Symons retired from Council. The Meeting elected Professor B H J McKellar (as Secretary, Physical Sciences), Professor K Lambeck (as Foreign Secretary), Dr G I Pearman, Professor C E Praeger and Professor M B Renfree.
In April the Executive Secretary, Mr Peter Vallee, retired after fifteen years in that position and twenty seven years with the Academy. He was replaced by Professor Sue Serjeantson.
SCIENCE POLICY
We have continued our strong interest in providing advice on policy for scientific research, and on other policy issues in which science is a significant factor.
During the past twelve months the Academy has made a number of submissions and statements in response to the reviews of science and innovation by the Chief Scientist, and in connection with the National Innovation Summit, and the Innovation Summit Implementation Group. Submissions were also forwarded to parliamentary inquiries and government reviews on related matters.
The Academy welcomed the Prime Minister's 29 January Statement on the Innovation Action Plan which addressed many of the concerns of the Chief Scientist in his report The chance to change, released in November 2000. The Academy was particularly pleased with the announced doubling of funding for the Australian Research Council. The importance of basic research has been asserted in a number of Academy statements, along with the need for greater support for research infrastructure in universities and publicly funded laboratories.
The Academy and the Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering endorsed the recommendations of the Innovation Summit Implementation Group in their report Innovation – unlocking the future, released in August 2000, and issued a joint press release.
In June, the Secretary, Science Policy provided a number of comments to government on Enhancing linkages – CRCs and beyond as a follow up to a number of recommendations from the Innovation Summit.
The President continued as a member of the Prime Minister's Science, Engineering and Innovation Council (PMSEIC). He chaired the PMSEIC working group on Information Technology and Communications Research, which reported to the November meeting of PMSEIC. The President also wrote to the Australian Financial Review on the need to promote indigenous information and communications technologies.
A major undertaking for the Secretary, Science Policy, has been an assessment of the need for major national research facilities in Australia through the Academy's Steering Group on Major Research Facilities. In April a forum was held at the Academy with the directors of the current Major National Research Facilities. This included a round table discussion on best international practice in operating a major research facility and the relevance of international best practice for Australia. The Academy Group provided informal advice to Government on the urgent need to develop an ongoing program for major research facilities. The Group also prepared a submission to the Chief Scientist on the recommendations in The chance to change and in Innovation – unlocking the future and made a number a number of suggestions about the governance of such facilities.
The Academy continued to monitor closely development in stem cell research. The Academy had argued strongly that the regulation of research should involve a two-tiered approval process. Approval to undertake any research involving human embryos and human embryonic stem cell lines would need to be obtained from a duly-constituted institutional ethics committee prior to assessment of the scientific merits, safety issues and ethical acceptability of the work by a national panel of experts. This would need to be established by the National Health and Medical Research Council.
The House of Representatives Standing Committee on legal and Constitutional Affairs sought the Academy's advice on whether the Gene Technology Bill should be modified to include processes covered by the term cloning. The Academy provided advice that the Bill, designed to regulate Genetically Modified Organisms in agriculture, was not an appropriate vehicle to regulate practices in medical research.
In October, the President chaired the Prime Minister's dinner for the winners of the Prime Minister's Prize, the Minister's Prize for Achievement in the Life Sciences and the Malcolm McIntosh Prize for Achievement in the Physical Sciences.
In October, the Secretary, Science Policy, provided a submission to the Senate inquiry on the Australian Research Council Bill.
In December, the Secretary, Science Policy appeared before the Select Committee Inquiry into the contract for a new reactor at Lucas Heights. The inquiry was investigating the need for a new research reactor, the process leading up to the signing of a contract with the Argentinian company INVAP and the nature of the contractual commitments. The Academy confirmed its earlier statements in support of the need for a new research reactor and canvassed performance standards.
In February, the Academy prepared submissions to the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Primary Industries and Regional Services on The development of high technology industries in regional Australia based on bioprospecting, and to the Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade enquiry into Enterprising Australia – planning, preparing and profiting from trade and investment.
In March, the Academy prepared a submission to the Senate Employment, Workplace Relations, Small Business and Education Reference Committee on The capacity of public universities to meet Australia's higher education needs.
NATIONAL COMMITTEES
The Academy has had a system of National Committees since it was founded in 1954. Currently, there are thirty-one Committees with two broad roles, to foster a designated branch of science in Australia and to support the Academy's role as a link between Australian scientists and their overseas counterparts through the Academy's membership of the International Council for Science (ICSU) and its constituent organisations. The Committees also support the Academy's work as a member of the Council of the Inter-Academy Panel on International Issues and of the Inter-Academy Medical Panel.
One of the responsibilities of National Committees is to nominate delegates to attend international meetings of ICSU bodies and to produce detailed reports on Australian scientific activities in particular fields. For example, the National Committee for Space Science published its biennial survey on space related research in Australia. This report is available on the Academy's website at www.science.org.au/reports/cospar2000.pdf.
The Academy continues to consult the Chairs of National Committees on science policy and international relations matters. The National Committee for Physics provided a Submission to the Chief Scientist's review and members of the National Committees for Chemistry and Pharmacology have contributed to a submission on The development of high technology industries in regional Australia based on bioprospecting. Minutes and reports of National Committee activities are available on the Academy's website at www.science.org.au/natcoms.
Animal Sciences
Chair: Dr C H Tyndale-Biscoe, FAA
The name of the Committee changed from the National Committee for Animal and Veterinary Sciences to reflect the scope of its activities. Members of the Committee continue to monitor the implementation of the Nairn Committee's recommendations on Australian quarantine arrangements.
Antarctic Research
Chair: Dr I Allison
The Committee met in April 2000 to review its relationship with the Government's Antarctic Science Advisory Committee. One of the functions of the Committee is to ensure the maximum participation of Australian scientists in the Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research of ICSU.
Astronomy
Chair: Professor L E Cram
The Committee met in November 2000. Members contributed to the General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union in Manchester. Professor R. Ekers, FAA was elected President-Elect for 2001-2003. The IAU General Assembly will be held in Sydney in July 2003 and this is a major activity for committee members. A mid-term review of the Australian Research Council Discipline Strategy Australian Astronomy: Beyond 2000 has been forwarded to the ARC in March 2001. The Committee formed a standing sub-committee on the Square Kilometre Array Consortium.
Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
Chair: Dr T J McDougall, FAA
Many members of the Committee participated in the technical meetings of the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research of the International Council for Science. The Committee responded to the Australian oceans policy, as part of the ANZAAS Conference held in Hobart. This response was published as 'Australia's oceans policy – a role for science?' in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, May 2000.
Biophysics
Chair: Associate Professor C G dos Remedios
The Committee met in November during the Australian Society for Biophysics Annual meeting in Melbourne. The Committee Chair organised a workshop in Fluorescence techniques in biology in April 2001. The workshop provided training in fluorescence techniques for research students and postdoctoral fellows.
Chemistry
Chair: Professor D S C Black
The Committee has been active in a range of International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Projects. Members of the Committee continued to be involved in the organising of the IUPAC General Assembly and Congress in Brisbane in 2001. The Committee continues to encourage the involvement of younger Australian chemists in IUPAC projects.
The Committee continues to liaise with the International Relations Committee of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute in the planning of World Chemistry Congress in Brisbane in July 2001, which will include presentations by three Nobel Laureates among other distinguished speakers.
The Committee also prepared a submission to the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Primary Industries and Regional Services on the Development of high technology industries in regional Australia based on biotechnology.
Crystallography
Chair: Professor J W White, FAA
The Committee developed policies for the implementation of the recently announced major national research facilities program particularly the policy for the renewal of the Australian Synchrotron Research Program.
The Committee continued to monitor the implementation of the replacement research reactor at Lucas Heights.
The Committee planned to undertake of a review of the state of crystallography in Australia with the objective of identifying the key issues for the future.
The Committee was also involved in the formation of an Asian Neutron Scattering Association which met in Japan in November 2000 and in governance of the Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources (CARS) of the University of Chicago.
Electron Microscopy
Chair: Dr A Spargo
The role of the Committee is to work closely with the Australian Society for Electron Microscopy and to represent the Australian view on electron microscopy at the international level. The Committee met in February during the Biennial Australian Conference on Electron Microscopy.
Environment
Chair: Professor H Marsh
The Committee met in September and focused on the new Australian Research Council Committee structure and the implications for the environmental sciences.
Geography
Chair: Emeritus Professor J H Holmes
In July, the Committee met and considered a number of commissioned surveys and reports relating to geography teaching in schools and at the tertiary level. Reports on Geography's emerging cross-disciplinary links, Geography and environmental studies, Geography and Geographical Information Systems and Geography in post-87 universities have been submitted for publication in Australian Geographical Studies. One area of concern was the growing proportion of entrants into honours and doctoral programs who had only a sketchy formal education in geography.
The Committee brings together representatives from a number of geographical societies including the Institute of Australian Geographers, Mapping Sciences Institute of Australia, the Australian Geography Teachers' Association, the Geographical Societies of New South Wales, Queensland and South Australia.
Mathematics
Chair: Professor D W Robinson, FAA
A wide range of material of direct interest to mathematicians was provided and regularly updated on the Committee's website, available through the Academy's site or directly through the site maintained by the chair at http://wwwmaths.anu.edu.au/other/ncms/NCMIndex.html.
Australian Subcommission of the International Commission on Mathematical Instruction (ASCIMI)
Chair: Dr D Fearnley-Sander
The Committee has focused for the past eighteen months on two major projects, the Mathematics 2000 Festival and the ICMI Study on the Future of the Teaching and Learning of Algebra. The festival was initiated by ASICMI as an Australian contribution to the year designated by the International Mathematical Union and UNESCO as the International Year of Mathematics. The study, also an ASICMI initiative, contributed to the ICMI Study Series on issues in mathematics education.
Medicine
Chair: Professor J P Chalmers, FAA
The Committee's policy is not to schedule meetings, but to respond to matters referred by Academy officers, or to medical issues requiring an Academy response.
Nutrition
Chair: Professor A S Truswell
One of the outcomes of the Committee's meeting in February was a workshop, held at the Academy in August. The topic of the workshop was evidence-based medicine, the National Health and Medical Research Council's levels of evidence and how these could be applied in interpreting and designing human nutrition research. A report on the workshop Levels of evidence for nutritional science was prepared and made available on the Academy's website at www.science.org.au/natcoms.
Physics
Chair: Professor A W Thomas, FAA
In August, the Committee prepared submissions to the Chief Scientist on the decline of staffing in university physics departments and the need to increase success rates for Australian Research Council Grants. A particular concern of the Committee has been that the Australian data on science research and development expenditure in the higher education sector included social science and teaching expenditure and overstated funding directed to science.
Physiology
Chair: Professor C L Gibbs
The Committee met in November during the Australian Physiological and Pharmacological Societies Annual Scientific Meeting. The Committee sought national data on new medical curricula. A number of new medical programs has been introduced in Australia, and there was concern that the contribution of basic medical sciences, including physiology, to medical teaching programs was being reduced.
Psychology
Chair: Professor J M Innes
The Committee met in September and prepared a submission to the Chief Scientist's Report, The chance to change.
The Chair and the President of the Australian Psychological Society attended the International Congress of Psychology of the International Union of Psychological Science in Stockholm during July and were observers at the Union's General Assembly. The Committee aimed to increase Australia's involvement in international fora.
Quaternary Research
Chair: Professor J R Dodson
The Committee has continued its involvment in the activities relating to the last International Union of Quaternary Research (INQUA) Meeting held in Durban, South Africa, in August 1999. The most important development has been a request for Australia to host a future INQUA, possibly in 2011. This has been canvassed across the Australian Quaternary community and reviewed after the Committee considered the level of response to the INQUA Executive during 2001.
Radio Science
Chair: Dr P Wilkinson
The Committee was involved in numerous activities in 2000. The Third Workshop on Applications of Radio Science, WARS'00, was held at La Trobe University in April 2000 and proceedings have been placed on the web at http://www.ips.gov.au/IPSHosted/NCRS/wars/wars2000. The Committee was involved in the Australian Communications Industry Forum on mobile phone standards, antenna and telecommunications developments and the FedSat microsatellite, which was expected to be launched in early 2002.
Space Science
Chair: Professor P Dyson
The Committee discussed, by e-mail, preparation for the 33rd General Assembly of the (international) Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) in Warsaw. The Committee prepared a detailed report to the Assembly providing information on current space science research being conducted in Australia.
The Members of the Solar-Terrestrial Physics Sub-Committee were members of the governing committee of the Solar-Terrestrial and Space Physics Group of the Australian Institute of Physics. This Group organised a section of the 14th National Congress of the Australian Institute of Physics held in Adelaide on 11-15 December 2000.
Spectroscopy
Chair: Dr Peter Hannaford
The Committee's main activities were the organisation of the Sixteenth International Conference on Laser Spectroscopy to be held in Palm Cove in 2003. This is one in a series of conferences that presents the latest results in the field of laser spectroscopy.
The Committee provided representation to the Liaison Committee for the Australian Conference on Optics, Lasers and Spectroscopy to be held in Brisbane in 2001.
INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE
The Academy adheres, on Australia's behalf, to the International Council for Science (ICSU), its 25 discipline-based Unions, nine program Committees and two Associates. The Academy appoints delegations to the business meetings of these bodies, after advice from the National Committees, and these are listed below. The many Australians active in ICSU bodies are listed at the end of the Annual Report.
Delegations to Assemblies
Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), 16-23 July 2000, Warsaw, Poland: Professor P L Dyson
International Union of Psychology (IUPsych), 23-28 July 2000, Stockholm, Sweden: Professor J M Innes, Dr B Crowe
International Union of Astronomy (IAU), 7-19 August 2000, Manchester, UK: Professor L E Cram
International Geography Union (IGU), 14-18 August 2000, Seoul, South Korea: Emeritus Professor J H Holmes
International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM), 27 August-2 September 2000, Chicago, USA: Professor R I Tanner, FAA, Professor M Bush
International Union of Biological Societies (IUBS), 6-11 November 2000, Naples, Italy: Dr W Dennison.
INTER-ACADEMY PANEL ON INTERNATIONAL ISSUES
The Academy was elected to the Council of this body through which the world's science Academies act on matters of global significance involving science. The President attended the Panel's Council meeting in Treiste in January. The main agenda items were sustainability and capacity building in developing countries.
BILATERAL ACTIVITIES
Bilateral activities provide opportunities for Australian researchers, Academy officials and government officials to meet with senior international researchers and research funders, to discuss international science and technology policy and practices, and to promote Australian research and technology. Meetings between the Academy's officials and the international programs' counterpart agencies provide an opportunity to discuss the operation of the program and make necessary modifications to ensure the program is meeting its objective. The Academy's bilateral activities are funded as part of the Department of Industry, Science and Resources' International Science and Technology Networks element of the Technology Diffusion Program.
United States of America
The Foreign Secretary met with Dr Alice Hogan, Senior Program Manager, Division of International Programs, National Science Foundation on 11 July 2000, and with Dr Jim Edwards, Deputy Assistant Director, Biological Sciences, National Science Foundation on 2 April 2001 to discuss a joint workshop program for young researchers between Australia and the US. Discussions are continuing.
Asia
Korea
The Academy's International Programs Officer travelled to Korea in May 2000 to visit the Academy's partner organisation, the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation, and a number of research organisations.
The Annual meeting between the Academy, the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, and the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation was held on 23 May 2000 at Taejon, to discuss the exchange program.
The Australia-Korea Light Alloys Workshop, organised jointly by the Academy, in association with the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, and KOSEF, was held in Cheju on 25-26 May 2000.
The Foreign Secretary participated in the first meeting of the Australia-Korea Joint Committee on Science and Technology on 29 March 2001, organised by the Department of Industry Science and Resources. The Australian and Korean delegations presented overviews of their respective science and technology policies and addressed issues of mutual interest. A second meeting of the Joint Committee will be held in Seoul in 2003.
Members of the Korean delegation from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) and the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF), who participated in the Joint Committee meeting, visited the Academy on 30 March 2001. They met with the Foreign Secretary to discuss Academy activities.
Japan
On 17 November 2000 the Foreign Secretary and the Chair of the Academy's Asia and Postdoctoral Committee met with Mr Oyagi, Director, General Affairs Division, Mr Nagasawa, Director, Management Office, and Mr Niida, Administration Officer of the Science Council of Japan, to discuss Academy activities.
On 8 March 2001 the Foreign Secretary and the Chair of the Asia and Postdoctoral Committees met with Mr Iketani and Mr Sakamoto, senior staff of the Japan Science and Technology Corporation, to discuss issues relating to the Science and Technology Agency programs administered by the Academy.
Association of Academies of Sciences in Asia
On 21-22 September 2000 Professor D V Boger, FAA attended the Inauguration and First General Assembly Meeting of the Association of Academies of Sciences in Asia (AASA) in Korea as an observer for the Academy.
Europe
Forum for European-Australian Science and Technology Cooperation
The Academy, together with diplomatic missions representing members of the EU in Australia, and in association with major Australian science and technology organisations, has been involved in the initiation and ongoing support of the Forum for European-Australian Science and Technology Cooperation (FEAST). The aim of the FEAST initiative is to highlight and improve bilateral and multilateral cooperation between Europe and Australia. The Academy will manage the first FEAST conference on 30 and 31 May 2001 in the Shine Dome.
France
The Academy supported the visit of Professor E E Baulieu, a member of the French Academy of Sciences, from 29 October to 4 November 2000. Professor Baulieu gave a series of lectures at the University of Melbourne, the Howard Florey Institute of Experimental Physiology and Medicine, the Garvan Institute and the 11th International Congress of Endocrinology in Sydney.
Other activities
SETnet
The Academy was involved in the initiation and ongoing support of SETnet, which aims to provide an informal network for foreign governments, Australian researchers and those involved in science policy to exchange information and ideas.
Review of the Academy's International Programs
The Academy is conducting a review to assess the impact of the Academy's program of international travel support on Australian science and technology.
SUPPORT FOR INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS
The objectives of the Academy's program of international scientific and technological collaborations are to improve Australian access to science and technology, and to increase awareness of Australian research.
The Academy's program gives Australian researchers the opportunity to collaborate with foreign colleagues, widen research perspectives and experience, to exchange ideas, to be recognised in the international arena, to gain information and knowledge of techniques that will stimulate and advance Australian research, and to be involved in large international projects.
The Academy's international programs are structured into four sections: short-term visits to Europe, North America and Asia, and long-term postdoctoral fellowships. The programs support collaborative research between professional Australian scientists and technologists and their colleagues in Europe, Korea, China, Japan, Taiwan, United States of America, Canada and Mexico. The Academy also administers postdoctoral fellowships with Japan and Korea. The Academy received two additional grants in 2000 to establish a pilot scheme for recent graduates or graduating researchers to visit the USA and Europe for collaborative research projects. These programs provide funds for living and travelling costs.
These schemes are funded as part of the International Science and Technology Networks (ISTN) element of the Department of Industry, Science and Resources' Technology Diffusion Program (TDP).
Europe
The Europe Committee selected 28 Australian researchers to participate in the 2000-2001 program funded by the ISTN. The majority of participants were to visit the UK (12), followed by Germany (5), France (4), the Netherlands (2), Spain (2), Ireland (1), Italy (1), and Sweden (1).
Visits to the United Kingdom were under the agreement between the Australian Academies of Science and of Technological Sciences and Engineering and The Royal Society. The program supports collaborative research between Australian and British researchers. Thirty-four researchers from the United Kingdom visited or plan to visit Australia in 2000-2001. The UK researchers were selected and fully funded by The Royal Society to conduct short-term visits and long-term fellowships in Australia.
In addition to the participants supported by the ISTN, the Committee selected a Centenary of Federation Fellow, supported by the British High Commission and the British Council, to travel to the UK.
They also selected a French Embassy Fellow, and an Australia-France Fellow, to travel to France. The fellowships are under the Bede Morris Fellowship Scheme, which supports collaborative research between Australian and French scientists. The program was established as a memorial to the late Professor B Morris, FAA and falls under the Accord for Scientific Cooperation between the Australian Academy of Science and l'Académie des Sciences de l'Institut de France. The Academy administers the program and provides participants with contributions to their travel and living costs for a period between two and six weeks.
The Committee also chose 10 Australian researchers to participate in the pilot scheme for young researchers program funded by the Technology Diffusion Program of the Department of Industry Science and Resources. The majority of participants were to visit the UK (4), followed by France (2) and Denmark (2), Germany (1), and Sweden (1).
North America
The North America Committee selected 28 Australian researchers to participate in the 2000-2001 program. The majority of participants were to visit the United States (24), followed by Canada (3) and Mexico (1).
The Committee also selected 10 Australian researchers to participate in the pilot scheme for young researchers program funded by the Technology Diffusion Program of the Department of Industry Science and Resources. All 10 participants have travelled to the USA.
Asia
China
The Academy and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) operate an exchange program which supports collaborative research between Australian and Chinese scientists. Six Australian scientists and 14 Chinese scientists were to participate in the 2000-2001 program.
The Academy provides the Australian participants with an international airfare and CAS provides them with living allowances and medical insurance. Chinese participants receive a living allowance and medical insurance from the Academy and CAS provides them with an international airfare.
Korea
Exchange visits between Australian and Korean scientists were conducted under an agreement of scientific and technological cooperation between the Australian Academies of Science and Technological Sciences and Engineering, and the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF). One Australian researcher and eight Korean researchers were to participate in the 2000-2001 program.
The Academy of Science administers the program and provides Australian participants with an international airfare and KOSEF provides them with a living and travelling allowance. Korean participants receive an international airfare from KOSEF, and a living and travelling allowance from the Academy. The program supports short-term visits of up to four weeks, long-term visits of one to three months, and visiting fellowships of four to twelve months.
There was one Australian participant in the APEC Postdoctoral Fellowship program in Korea. The program is fully funded by KOSEF.
Taiwan
Under the agreement between the Australian Academies of Science and of Technological Sciences and Engineering, and the National Science Council of Taiwan, the Academy of Science administers short-term visits to and from Taiwan. Four Australian researchers and eight Taiwanese researchers were to participate in the 2000-2001 program.
The Academy of Science provides Australian researchers with an international airfare and NSC provides them with a living allowance and medical insurance. The Taiwanese researchers receive an international airfare from NSC, and a living allowance and medical insurance from the Academy.
Japan
The exchange program between the Academy and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) supports collaborative research between Australian and Japanese scientists for short and long-term visits. Ten Australian scientists and ten Japanese researchers were to participate in the 2000-2001 program. The Academy provides Australian participants with an international airfare and JSPS provides them with living allowances, medical insurance and a domestic travel allowance. Japanese participants receive a living allowance, medical insurance and a domestic travel allowance from the Academy and JSPS provides them with an international airfare.
The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, in association with the Academy and the Australian Research Council, offer ten Postdoctoral Fellowships annually for periods of one to two years to young Australians to conduct postdoctoral research in Japanese universities and university-affiliated institutes. Ten Australian scientists were to participate in the 2000-2001 program. The program is fully funded by JSPS and is administered in Australia by the Academy.
The Science and Technology Agency Postdoctoral Fellowships program offers fellowships for periods of six months to two years to young Australian scientists and technologists to do research in Japan's national laboratories and public research corporations. Nine Australian scientists were to participate in the 2000-2001 STA postdoctoral program. The Science and Technology Agency Short-Term Fellowship program offers fellowships between two weeks and three months, for visits to Japan's national laboratories and public research corporations. Three Australian scientists were to participate in the 2000-2001 short-term fellowship program.
In Japan the STA programs are managed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). MEXT funds the programs and the Academy administers them in Australia.
LECTURES AND MEDALS
Central to the purposes of the Academy is the encouragement of excellence in science. Awards for distinguished research are made to younger researchers, 40 years and under, and to senior researchers for contributions made during their working lives.
Burnet Lecture 2001
The Burnet Lecture is awarded to senior scientists for outstanding achievements in the biological sciences.
Professor G R Sutherland FAA, Director, Department of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide was appointed the 2001 Burnet Lecturer. His lecture A robust ending from a fragile beginning is to be delivered at the 2001 Annual General Meeting.
David Craig Medal
The David Craig Medal is awarded to senior scientists for distinguished contributions to any branch of chemistry.
The David Craig Medal was awarded to Professor M N Paddon-Row FAA, Scientia Professor, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales for contributions to long-range electronic coupling mechanisms in organic molecules, with particular emphasis on mechanisms of long-range electron transfer processes.
Haddon-King Medal
The Haddon King Medal recognises contributions to mineral exploration.
The Haddon King Medal was awarded to Dr J P Hunt, President, Hunt Exploration Inc., California for the application of his research methods to several successful mining ventures in Australia and overseas and for the education of several generations of exploration scientists.
Hannan Medal
The Hannan Medal recognises contributions to statistical science, pure mathematics and applied and computational mathematics. Each subject area is taken in turn.
The Hannan Medal was awarded to Professor A Baddeley FAA, Professor of Mathematics (Probability and Statistics), University of Western Australia for contributions in statistical analysis of digital images and spatial data. The stereological measurement of bone biopsies, skin samples and material fractures, has been fundamentally altered by his technique for measuring surface area from vertical sections.
Jaeger Medal
The Jaeger Medal recognises contributions to Australian earth science.
The Jaeger Medal was awarded to Dr B E Hobbs FAA, Chief, CSIRO Exploration and Mining, Wembley, WA for his contributions to the understanding of the relations between stress and strain-rate in rock materials, and the ways in which these are influenced by pressure, temperature and chemical processes.
Lyle Medal
The Lyle Medal recognises contributions to mathematics or physics.
The Lyle Medal was awarded to Professor I H Sloan FAA, Scientia Professor, School of Mathematics, University of New South Wales for his contributions to numerical analysis through the solution of integral equations, approximation theory and differential equations.
Ian Wark Medal and Lecture
The Ian Wark Medal recognises contributions to the prosperity of Australia where such prosperity is attained through the advance of scientific knowledge or its applications.
The Ian Wark Medal and Lecture was awarded to Dr K G McCracken FAA for sustained contributions to the prosperity of Australia through the development of the scientific basis for new technologies for mineral exploration.
Fenner Medal
The Fenner Medal is awarded to young scientists for distinguished research in biology, excluding the biomedical sciences.
The Fenner Medal was awarded to Dr B J Pogson, Lecturer, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Australian National University for contributions to plant biology related to carotenoids, the essential pigments for photosynthesis.
Gottschalk Medal
The Gottschalk Medal is awarded to young scientists for distinguished research in the medical sciences.
The 2001 Gottschalk Medal was awarded to Professor C Goodnow, Director, Medical Genome Centre, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University for pioneering the application of mouse molecular genetics to illuminate the mechanism of immunological tolerance to self antigens.
Moran Medal
The Moran Medal is awarded to young scientists for distinguished research in one or more of the fields of applied probability, biometrics, mathematical genetics, psychometrics and statistics.
The 2001 Moran Medal was awarded to Dr Aihua Xia, Lecturer, Department of Statistics, University of New South Wales for his contributions in the field of applied probability. His application of state-of- the-art tools has provided answers to questions of how to approximate probabilities that are too complex to calculate exactly, and how to calculate bounds on the error in such approximations.
Pawsey Medal
The Pawsey Medal is awarded to young scientists for distinguished research in physics.
The 2001 Pawsey Medal was awarded to Dr B Schmidt, Fellow, Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mount Stromlo Observatory for contributions to observational cosmology. His search for supernovae at great distances to measure the acceleration of cosmic expansion, combined the talents of twenty astronomers on four continents.
RESEARCH SUPPORT AND LECTURESHIPS
The Academy provides funding for the support of individual research projects and for lectureships. The purpose of the lectureships is to enable distinguished researchers to communicate with Australian researchers and, through public lectures, to a broader public.
Fund for the Conservation of Endangered Australian Vertebrate Species.
Awards were made to the following researchers to support work to help understand the causes of species' decline with a view to instituting, or improving, the management of conditions necessary for their recovery: Dr P Banks, Mr R Blakers, Mr R Palmer and Dr J K Webb.
Maxwell Ralph Jacobs Awards
Awards were made to the following researchers to support work in forest research: Ms H Nahrung, Miss A Eyles and Miss J Edwards.
J G Russell Awards
Awards were made to Dr J Zou, Dr M Simmons, Dr S Johnston, Dr T Smith, Dr W Hu, Dr W Schief, Dr R J Bursill, Dr M G Gardiner, Dr H Y Zhu, Dr K A Gross, Dr A V Nguyen, Dr J D Close, Dr K Suzuki and Dr B Rasmussen.
The J G Russell awards support talented young researchers in basic science with the aim of encouraging them to carry out their work in Australia. Awardees are drawn from Queen Elizabeth II Fellows.
Selby Fellowship
The Selby Fellowship is awarded to overseas or Australian scientists of standing to visit scientific centres in Australia and to deliver lectures. The Fellow may be drawn from either the physical or biological sciences.
The 2000 Selby Fellow was Associate Professor I M Pepperberg from the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, USA. Professor Pepperberg visited Sydney, Armidale, Canberra, Wollongong and Melbourne and gave public lectures on the topic In search of King Solomon's ring: studies on the cognitive and communicative abilities of grey parrots.
Rudi Lemberg Fellowship
The Rudi Lemberg Fellowship is awarded to overseas or Australian scientists of standing to visit scientific centres in Australia and to deliver lectures. The Fellow may be drawn from any field of biology.
The 2000 Lemberg Fellow was Dr D Bowman, Northern Territory University. Dr Bowman visited Brisbane, Sydney, Canberra, Melbourne, Hobart, Adelaide and Perth. The topic for his public lecture was The Australian flora: past and present management.
RESEARCH CONFERENCES
The Academy supports research conferences organised by scientific societies to bring together researchers at the forefront of particular subjects to discuss the future of their field.
Boden Research Conferences
Two Boden conferences were held. Estrogens and male health was held on 2-3 November 2000 at the Maritime Museum, Darling Harbour and was organised by the Australian Society for Reproductive Biology. Immune deviation and reproductive function was held on 19-21 February 2001 at Erskine House, Lorne, Victoria and was organised by the Australian Society for Reproductive Biology.
These conferences are made possible by the generous support of the late Dr A Boden, FAA.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNALS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
The year has been a very mixed one for the AJSR. After a successful meeting in Canberra in August 1999 several recommendations were placed before the Council of the Academy, aimed at improving the interaction of the AJSR and the Academy. Ten of the 12 journals are now represented on National Committees and the Chairs of all the Editorial Advisory Committees are receiving the Academy Newsletter. As a result of the President's representations at the meeting of the New Zealand Royal Society in November 1999, discussions have opened between CSIRO Publishing and NZJSR with the aim of closer association of the two series of journals. Currently the Editorial Advisory Committee of AJ Soil Research and of Marine and Freshwater Research are chaired by New Zealand scientists and NZJSR have been invited to attend the next meeting of the Board of Standards in August this year.
At the meeting of the Board of Standards in August 2000 the theme was how to develop closer relations with appropriate scientific societies, as a means of increasing the importance and relevance of each journal. The journals depend critically on the support of the Australian scientific community to provide peer review and so maintain high standards of scientific scholarship; for submission of the best papers to the AJSR; and through personal and institutional subscriptions. Several journals have developed strong relations with Societies, which is reflected in their improved performance. Representatives of two other journals that are published by CSIRO Publishing but are not part of the AJSR also attended the meeting. Each is the official journal of a professional society in Australia and their editors spoke to the meeting on their experiences in this regard. CSIRO Publishing is currently publishing four journals that are not part of the AJSR and is negotiating with several others. As the number of such journals increases and they all go on line, the distinction between them and the AJSR will disappear, which raises the question of the future role of the Board of Standards.
The Agreement between the Academy and CSIRO was severely tested in September 2000 when CSIRO Publishing decided that it could no longer publish AJ Physics because of the journal's long-standing deficit and its declining subscriber base. Representations from the Council of the Academy to allow more time to seek either a financial backer or an alternative publisher were made. In the event no viable option eventuated and the journal ceased publication with the completion of Volume 53. This regrettable decision has made it clear that a journal can only survive if it is strongly supported by its scientific community with papers and subscriptions. This decision will undoubtedly colour the discussions at the forthcoming meeting of the Board of Standards in August, including the future of the Board itself. It will also be necessary for the Academy to consider its position, since the current agreement with CSIRO concludes at the end of 2002.
RESEARCH INTO PRACTICE
The Academy regularly arranges meetings at which researchers, people from industry and government decision-makers discuss important topics involving science. The Academy is committed to encouraging the application of Australia's high quality basic science for public benefit.
The management of our soils is a good example of a pressing and complex issue that can be assisted by the results of research. This year we published a summary of the proceedings of a meeting convened in 1999 on that topic under the title Fixing the foundations. It is available in print and on-line (www.science.org.au/events/soils.pdf). Meetings of a similar character were held on Schizophrenia and other psychoses; translating research into policy and action (www.science.org.au/events/schizophrenia.pdf), and Greenhouse gases; meeting our bottom line (a meeting of our National Science and Industry Forum) (www.science.org.au/events/greenhouse.pdf). The printed reports are available free of charge from the Academy's office.
SCIENCE EDUCATION AND PUBLIC AWARENESS
The Academy is committed to promoting science education, including mathematics education, both as a contribution to informed citizenship and to encourage our young people to prepare themselves for careers based on science and technology. To this end, we have contributed to the formulation of policy for science education and prepared teaching resources for all levels of school science. These are listed in the section of this report dealing with publications.
Nova: Science in the news (www.science.org.au/nova)
Nova: Science in the news is an on-line service providing a core of reliable and readable information on current issues involving science, linked to the best of the resources available on the internet.
At the end of the year there were 58 topics available, of which six had been added since May 2000. Nearly 2000 users had registered to be notified by email of new topics. There were also ten mathematics information boxes linked to existing Nova topics, and eight 'Back to basics' topics which provide explanation of basic science concepts.
The Academy was pleased to welcome Telstra as the major sponsor of Nova. The Australian Foundation for Science and the Science and Technology Awareness Program of the Department of Industry, Science and Resources continued to provide infrastructure support. In particular, the Department provided funding to develop new technology topics.
Each topic was also sponsored by a research organisation, trade association, university or corporation. The organisations that sponsored topics since May 2000 included the Australian Government Analytical Laboratories, Bayer Australia Ltd, RMIT University Department of Mathematics, the NRMA – ACT Road Safety Trust, the National Standards Commission and the Cooperative Research Centre for Advanced Composite Materials.
Growth in usage of Nova continued exponentially. In the 12-month period from January 2000 to December 2000, the total number of page hits was 992,145 compared to 523,827 for the previous 12-month period. A survey of the results of searches on the leading internet search engine, Google, demonstrated the high degree of recognition and visibility that Nova: Science in the new topics had received.
Primary Investigations
In May, the Academy achieved its goal of reaching 40 per cent of primary schools with its Primary Investigations science, technology and environment program. The program, which stimulates hands-on, enquiry-based learning, comprises teacher resource books, student books, inservice training for teachers, videos and a website (www.science.org.au/pi).
Starter grants continued to provide opportunities for schools with special needs to purchase books or in-service training, and several schools received grants through the Arthur Hatt Cook Charitable Trust.
The Academy received a grant from the ACT Office of Adult and Community Education to offer eight science workshops for senior citizens, involving guest speakers followed by hands-on activities from Primary Investigations.
Video Histories of Australian Scientists (www.science.org.au/scientists)
One of the Academy's most important goals is to present the work of our Fellows, awardees and other distinguished researchers to the broader public, including students. We have always published detailed memoirs of Fellows posthumously. Through the video histories project we aim to let the researchers speak for themselves.
To date, 56 videotaped interviews have been completed. Many of the videos can be borrowed from Cinemedia or purchased from the Academy. There are 26 edited transcripts available on the website and teachers notes accompany seven of the transcripts. Funding for these activities
was received from the Fenner Fund, the Australian Foundation for Science, the National Council for the Centenary of Federation's History
and Education Program (for the '100 Years of Australian Science' project), the Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care (as a follow-on from the 1999 International Year of Older Persons), and the Mazda Foundation. A joint project with the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering and the Australian Science and Technology Heritage Centre, based on funds from the Australian Research Council, extended the program and also provided for extensive indexing of the video history transcripts.
Support for young researchers and science teachers at Academy symposium
The Australian Research Council sponsored two awards, and the Department of Industry, Science and Resources (through its Technology Diffusion Program) sponsored eleven full awards and nine free registrations to enable researchers aged 35 and under to participate in the Academy's AGM Symposium on Australia's Science Future, held on 3-4 May 2000 in Canberra.
For the third year, State, Catholic and independent school systems in every State and Territory, and Pioneer International, sponsored classroom science teachers to attend the Symposium. A total of 28 teachers attended. Evaluations from the young researchers and teachers were extremely positive. The symposium was a feature of both National Science Week and the Australian Science Festival, and part of the lead-up to the Centenary of Federation celebrations.
The Foundation for Young Australians (formerly the Queen's Trust for Young Australians) provided a grant to enable eight biology teachers aged 30 and younger to attend the 2001 Science at the Shine Dome program (www.science.org.au/sats2001), and the Victorian Department of Education, Employment and Training provided a grant to enable five Victorian government science teachers to attend.
Collaborative Australian Secondary Science Program
The Collaborative Australian Secondary Science Program, a joint project of the Curriculum Corporation, the State education departments, the Australian Science Teachers Association and the Academy, proposes to introduce to the lower secondary school a stimulating, enquiry-based approach to science education, as demonstrated for primary schools in Primary Investigations. The proposal was submitted to the Commonwealth Government for funding in November. No decision on this proposal has yet been made.
Population and Environment Research Fund
The Population and Environment Research Fund has been established to support research into how the size, distribution, lifestyle and other characteristics of Australia's population are likely to affect the environment. The fund totalled more than $35,000, with another $120,000 pledged as donations and a bequest. The Academy sought advice as to the best means of using the earnings from the capital fund to support its goals.
Public events
Three public lectures were held at the Dome as part of the Australian Science Festival: The animal within (transplantation of animal organs to humans); What quacks but isn't a duck? New-age therapies are ripping you off, and Our hazardous planet (storms, earthquakes and other meteorological events). Antique science equipment from the Basser Library's collection was displayed in a Canberra Centre shop window as part of 'Science in the City'.
THE SHINE DOME
Professor John Shine, FAA generously donated $1 million to the Academy for the renovation of the Dome, adding to the $525,000 previously received from the National Council for the Centenary of Federation. The Minister for Science, Senator Nick Minchin, hosted a ceremony in Parliament House to mark the occasion. More than 90 individuals and organisations also made donations towards the Dome refurbishment, raising over $58,000.
The Dome closed for renovation on 8 May 2000 and reopened in March 2001. Work was carried out by Project Coordination under the project management of GHD Pty Ltd.
The main works included installation of a new external plant room, air-conditioning chiller plant, electrical switchboard and moat circulation and filtration system; construction of a tunnel under the moat as access for new services, installation of new smoke detectors, construction of a new fore-court, two new bridges over the moat and a pathway from the car park, installation of an underwater fibre optic illuminating system around the moat, kitchen refurbishment, upgrading of power supply and rewiring of lights and power, upgrade of the audio-visual and computer data access systems in the Wark Theatre, repair and painting of the vermiculite ceiling, laying of new carpet, refurbishment of doors and door hardware, replacement of external skylights and repair of the cloister paving.
The Academy has received a number of postcards, photographs, match boxes, bowls, beer mugs and children's books that feature the Dome. They were featured at an exhibition about the Dome at the Canberra Museum and Gallery held from 6 April to 27 May 2001.
The Academy planned a series of activities in 2001 with national and community groups to celebrate the Centenary of Federation and the history and future of science. These were listed on the Dome website (www.science.org.au/dome).
ADOLPH BASSER LIBRARY
Collections consulted included those of Sir Macfarlane Burnet, David Catcheside, Sir Neil Hamilton Fairley and Sir Ernest Titterton.
A library student from the University of Canberra spent some time in the library as part of her course and processed the records of the Ecological Society of Australia.
Four new manuscript collections were received this year: the Australian Society for Reproductive Biology, the research material collected by Marjory Langridge for her biography of Sir Ian Clunies Ross, a copy of which has also been acquired by the library, lecture notes and other material from Professor J O Newton, FAA and a large collection of correspondence and lecture notes from Professor M R Osborne, FAA. Further consignments of manuscript material were received from the Australian Mathematical Society.
FINANCE
The net result of the 2000 financial year's activities was an increase in the Academy's assets of $1,914,000 or 11% from the previous year. The very generous donation from Professor John Shine, FAA was the major contributor to the increase.
The Academy maintains 80.5% of its assets as financial investments (an increase of 5.4% on 1999) held in a diversified portfolio of interest-bearing securities and shares in listed companies.
The Academy's audited accounts are published on page 257.
INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE (ICSU)
The following Australians held office in ICSU and its affiliated bodies in 2000. Acronyms are given in full in the Academy's Yearbook.
| Climate Variability and Predicability (CLIVAR) | |
| Dr R Bailey | Ex-officio Member, CLIVAR Ocean Observations Panel (COOP) |
| Dr N Bindoff | Data Task Team |
| Dr G Brough | Ex-officio Member, CLIVAR Ocean Observations Panel (COOP) |
| Dr M Gagan | PAGES/CLIVAR Working Group |
| Dr S Godfrey | Asian-Australian Monsoon Panel |
| Dr A Hirst | Ocean Model Development Working Group (with WOCE) |
| Dr D J Karoly | Working Group on Climate Change Detection (with CCI) |
| Dr B McAvaney | Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM with JSC) |
| Dr J McBride | Asian-Australian Monsoon Panel |
| Dr I Simmonds | CLIVAR Scientific Steering Group |
| Dr N Smith | Ex-officio Member, CLIVAR Ocean Observations Panel (COOP) |
| Dr S Wijffels | CLIVAR Ocean Observations Panel (COOP) |
|
Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) |
|
| Dr R J Simpson | National Delegate |
| Dr K L Wilson | Member, CODATA Commission on Data Access; Member, CODATA Commission on Standardised Technology for Access to Biological Databases; Chair, ICSU-CODATA Task Group on Global Plant Checklist Network |
|
Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) |
|
| Dr C E Barton | Australian National Committee Representative |
| Professor R D Brown, FAA | International Scientific Union UPAC Representative |
| Dr I H Cairns | Organizer, Event 2002 |
| Professor P L Dyson | Australian National Committee Representative; Council Member |
|
DIVERSITAS: An Integrated Programme of Biodiversity Science |
|
| Dr P Bridgewater | Member, Scientific Steering Committee |
| Dr T J Done | Member, Marine Biodiversity Element |
| Dr I Noble | Representative; GAIM Scientific Steering Committee |
| Dr L I Sly | Member, Microbial Biodiversity Element |
| Dr W D Williams | Member, Inland Water Biodiversity Element |
|
Federation of Asian & Oceanian Biochemists & Molecular Biologists (FAOBMB) |
|
| Professor B Sawyer | President, FAOBMB |
|
Group of Specialists on Global Change and the Antarctic GLOCHANT |
|
| Dr I Goodwin | Programme Coordinator, GLOCHANT |
|
Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems (GCTE) |
|
| Dr P Canadell | Executive Officer |
| Professor I Noble | Chair, GCTE Scientific Steering Committee, IGBP; IGBP-GCTE Representative, DIVERSITAS |
|
Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) |
|
| Dr A D McEwan, FAA | Chairman, Intergovernmental Committee for GOOS, Member, GOOS Steering Committee |
| Dr N Smith | Chairman, Ocean Observations Panel, Member, GOOS Steering Committee |
|
International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (IAMAS) |
|
| Dr I Allison | Member, International Commission for Polar Meteorology (ICPM) |
| Dr G P Ayers | Member, International Commission on Atmospheric and Global Pollution |
| Dr P Baines | Member, International Commission for Dynamic Meteorology (ICDM) |
| Dr J Gras | Member, Committee on Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols (ICNAA) |
| Professor A Henderson-Sellers | National Correspondent, IAMAS |
| Professor M J Lynch | Secretary, Radiation Commission (IRC) |
| Dr K McGuffie | Secretary, Climate Commission (ICCL) |
| Dr G W Paltridge, FAA | Member, Radiation Commission (IRC) |
| Dr R A Vincent | President |
|
International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) |
|
| Dr J R Davis | Vice President, International Commission Water Quality |
| Dr S Franks | Vice President, International Commission on Atmosphere, Soil and Vegetation Relations |
| Dr J Kalma | National Representative |
| Dr L Olive | Secretary, Continental Erosion Commission (ICCE) |
| Dr J Turner | Vice President, International Commission on Tracers |
|
International Astronautical Federation (IAF) |
|
| Dr J W Brooks | Member, SETI Post-detection Committee |
| Dr R P Norris | Member, SETI Sub-committee; Member, SETI Post-detection Committee |
|
International Astronomical Union (IAU) |
|
| Professor L E Cram | President, Division IV (Stars) |
| Dr G S Da Costa, FAA | Vice-President, Commission 37 (Star Clusters) |
| Professor M A Dopita, FAA | President, Division VI and Commission 34 (Interstellar Matter); Chair, Working Group for Encouraging the International Development of Antarctic Astronomy |
| Dr R D Ekers, FAA | President Elect, Working Group for Future Large Scale Facilities |
| Professor K C Freeman, FAA | President, Division VII (Galactic System); President, Commission 33 (Structure and Dynamics of the Galactic System) |
| Professor D Melrose, FAA | Deputy President, Commission 10 |
| Dr B J Robinson, FAA | Chairman, IUCAF, URSI/IAU |
| Dr E Sadler | Deputy President, Commission 28 |
|
International Brain Research Organization (IBRO) |
|
| Professor E M McLachlan, FAA | Chair, IBRO Asian Pacific Regional Committee |
| Dr K Pearson | Chair, IBRO Committee on By-Laws and Procedures |
| Professor S J Redman, FAA | Member, Finance Committee |
|
International Commission on Mathematical Instruction (ICMI) |
|
| Professor G Leder | Member, Executive Committee |
| Professor K Stacey | Chair, International Programme Committee, Study on the Future of Teaching and Learning of Algebra |
| Dr J Watson | National Representative |
|
International Federation of Societies for Electron Microscopy (IFSEM) |
|
| Dr D Cockayne | General Secretary |
|
International Federation for the Theory of Machines & Mechanisms (IFToMM) |
|
| Professor E Hahn | Member, Technical Committee for Rotordynamics |
| Dr R Marchal | Member, Committee for Man Machine Systems |
| Professor R Randal | Member, Technical Committee for Rotordynamics |
| Dr A K Shrivastava | Member, Committee for Robots and Maniupulators |
| Associate Professor J Trevelyan | Member, Committee for Robots and Manipulator Systems |
|
International Geographical Union (IGU) |
|
| Dr R G V Baker | Member, Commission on Modelling Geographical Systems (15) |
| Dr G Brierly | Member, Commission on Geomorphological Response to Environmental Change (10) |
| Professor C Cocklin | Member, Commission on the Sustainability of Rural Systems (20) |
| Dr A Conacher | Secretary, Commission on Land Degradation and Desertification (13) |
| Professor L W Crissman | Member, Study Group on Land Use and Land Cover Change (SG6), IGU/LUCC |
| Dr R Fincher | Chair, Commission on Gender and Geography (6) |
| Dr R Gerber | Vice President |
| Dr D Gillieson | Member, Commission on Sustainable Development and Management of Karst Terrains (21) |
| Dr J Lidstone | Secretary, Commission on Geographical Education (7) |
| Dr J Lindesay | Member, Commission on Climatology (2) |
| Dr D Rumley | Member, Commission on World Political Map (23) |
| Dr P Scott | Member, Dynamics of Marginal and Critical Regions (5) |
|
International Geological Correlation Programme (IGCP UNESCO) |
|
| Dr A Bevan | Co-Leader 2, Impact and Extraterrestrial Spherules, IGCP (384), IUGS/UNESCO |
| Dr P J Davis | Co-Leader, Continental Shelves in Quaternary, IGCP (396), IUGS |
| Dr G Gibson | Member, Sub-Commission on Strong Motion Seismology, IASPEI, IUGG; Member, Committee for Developing Countries, IASPEI, IUGG; Co-Leader, "Paleostress, neotectonics, geodynamics & natural hazards in West Pacific/Asia", IGCP (383), IUGS |
| Ms E Papps | Co-Leader, Impact and Extraterrestrial Spherules, IGCP (384), IUGS |
| Professor I Plimer | President, International Association on the Genesis of Ore Deposits (IAGOD) (UGS Affiliated Organisation); Co-Leader, Economic Superaccumulations of Metals in Lithosphere, IGCP (354), IUGS |
| Professor J A Talent | President, International Palaeontological Association, IUBS; Co-Leader, North Gondwanan Mid-Paleozoic biodynamics, IGCP (421), IUGS; President, International Palaeontological Association (IPA) (IUGS Affiliated Organisation) |
| Dr B D Webby | Co-Leader 1, The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, IGCP (410), IUGS |
|
International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) |
|
| Dr P De Deckker | Member, Scientific Steering Committee, PAGES |
| Associate Professor J Dodson | Co-Leader, Focus 1 Activity 2, Pole-Equator-Pole Transect 2 (PEP 2), PAGES |
| Dr I Goodwin | Leader, Focus 2 Activity 2 Task 2, Antarctic Ice Margin Evolution (ANTIME), PAGES |
| Mr B Griffiths | Member, Data Management Task Team, JGOFS |
| Dr G Hammer | Member, Climate Variability and Agriculture Productivity (CLIMAG) Project, START |
| Professor N Harvey | Vice-Chair, LOICZ Scientific Steering Committee; Member, Oceania Regional Committee, START |
| Professor A Henderson-Sellers | Council Member, GAIM Task Force |
| Dr D Mackey | Member, Equatorial Pacific Synthesis and Modelling Group, JGOFS; Member, Southern Ocean Synthesis and Modelling Group, JGOFS |
| Dr M J Manton | Member, Executive, START; Member, Bureau, START |
| Dr H Marchant | Member, Southern Ocean Synthesis and Modelling Group, JGOFS |
| Dr S Nicol | Member, Southern Ocean Planning Group, GLOBEC |
| Professor I Noble | Chair, GCTE Scientific Steering Committee; IGBP-GCTE Representative, DIVERSITAS; GAIM Scientific Steering Committee |
| Dr J Parslow | Member, Photosynthesis Measurements Task Team, JGOFS; Member, Remote Sensing Task Team, JGOFS; Member, Global Synthesis and Modelling Task Team, JGOFS |
| Dr G I Pearman, FAA | Member, CO2 Panel, JGOFS, IGBP/SCOR/IOC; National Member |
| Associate Professor A Pitman | Member, Scientific Steering Committee, BAHC |
| Dr W Steffen | Executive Director, IGBP |
| Dr B Tilbrook | Member, Scientific Steering Committee, JGOFS; Member, Southern Ocean Synthesis and Modelling Group, JGOFS; Chair, JGOFS-Australian National Committee, JGOFS |
| Professor R J Wasson | Vice-President, Scientific Committee, IGBP; Leader, Focus 3 Activity 1, Land Use and Climate Impacts on Fluvial Systems (LUCIFS), PAGES |
|
International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) |
|
| Dr G P Ayers | Member, DEBITS Activity Coordinating Committee; Member, Scientific Steering Committee |
| Dr O Denmead | Member, RICE Activity Coordinating Committee |
| Dr P Fraser | Member, Scientific Steering Committee; Co-Convenor, ICIC Activity Coordinating Committee |
| Dr J R Freney | Member, TRAGEX Activity Coordinating Committee |
| Dr I Galbally | Member, BATGE Activity Coordinating Committee; Member, BIBEX Activity Coordinating Committee |
| Dr J Gras | Co-Convenor, ACAPS Activity Coordinating Committee; Member, PASC Activity Coordinating Committee |
|
International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change (IHDP) |
|
| Professor C Cocklin | Member, GECHS (Human Security) Scientific Planning Committee |
| Dr N Hamilton | Executive Director |
| Dr M Wasson | Member, IDGEC (Institutions) Scientific Planning Committee |
|
International Telecommunication Union (ITU) |
|
| Dr D G Cole | Chair, SG 3, Radiocommunication Sector |
| Mr P Day | Rapporteur, SG 5 Questions 4/5 and 13/5, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector |
| Dr L Graf | Vice-Chair, Special Study Group on ‘IMT-2000 and beyond’, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector |
| Mr R Greeney | Vice-Chair, WP 10B, Radiocommunication Sector |
| Dr C Groves | Associate Rapporteur SG 11, Question 11/11, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector |
| Mr P R Hicks | Rapporteur, SG 7, Question Q.3/7, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector |
| Dr R Jacobsen | Vice-Chair, SG 7, Radiocommunication Sector |
| Dr I Rythia | Rapporteur, SG 3 Question Q.6/3, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector |
| Dr R Thwaites | Chair SG 3, Telecommunication Standardisation Sector |
|
International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES) |
|
| Professor A H Bittles | Chair, Aging and the Aged Commission |
| Dr C Russell | Executive Secretary, Aging and the Aged Commission |
|
International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) |
|
| Dr N H Goss | Member, Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry journal |
| Professor N Hoogenraad | Alternate, Nominations Committee |
| Dr R P Learmonth | Member, Editorial Board, Biochemical Education journal |
| Professor A W Linnane, FAA | Editor-in-Chief, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International journal |
| Dr G Parslow | Feature Editor for Computer Assisted Learning, Biochemical Education journal |
| Dr R K Scopes | Associate Editor, Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry journal |
| Dr F Williams | Member, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International journal |
|
International Union of Biological Sciences (IUBS) |
|
| Dr A Auliciems | Past-President, Biometeorology |
| Dr P Beggs | Secretary-General, Biometeorology |
| Professor A H Bittles | Executive Committee Member 2002-2003 |
| Professor R Crozier | Scientific Member, Social Insects |
| Dr D Graham | Secretary General-Treasurer, International Association of Plant Physiology |
| Dr R J Raven | President, International Society of Arachnology (ISA) |
| Dr T F Stuessy | Secretary, International Association of Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) |
| Professor J A Talent | President, International Palaeontological Association |
| Dr M Tyler | Secretary-General, Herpetology |
| Dr M J Whitten, FAA | Scientific Member (Secretary-General), Entomology |
| Dr K L Wilson | Scientific Programme ‘Species 2000’, International Organisation for Plant Information (IOPI), and Taxonomic Databases Working Group (TDWG) |
| Professor S R Wilson | President, International Biometric Society |
| Dr W J Woelkerling | President, International Phycological Society |
|
International Union of Crystallography (IUCr) |
|
| Dr J M Guss | Chair, Commission on Biological Macromolecules |
| Dr S R Hall | Commission on International Tables for Crystallography; Member, Database Committee; Member, Commission on Crystallographic Nomenclature; Member, Committee on CIF Standards |
| Professor T Hambly | Member, Commission on Structural Chemistry |
| Dr T M Sabine | Member, Commission on Small Angle Scattering |
| Dr M A Spackman | Member, Commission on Charge, Spin and Momentum Densities |
| Dr M R Taylor | Member, Commission on Journals; Co-editor, Acta Crystallographica |
| Dr E R Tiekink | Member, Commission on Journals; Co-editor, Acta Crystallographica |
| Dr S W Wilkins | Chair, Commission on Synchrotron Radiation; Member, Commission on Journals; Co-Editor, Journal of Synchrotron Radiation |
| Dr R L Withers | Member, Commission on Aperiodic Crystals |
|
International Union of Food Science and Technology (IUFoST) |
|
| Professor R A Edwards | Vice-President |
| Mrs R English | Chair, Nutrition, Informatics and Electronic Communications Committee |
| Dr T Worsley | Member, Nutrition and Food Habits Committee (II/2) |
|
International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) |
|
| Dr P V Angus-Leppan | Honorary President, IAG |
| Dr C Barton | Vice President, IAGA; Chair, Working Group V-8 "Analysis of the Global and Regional Geomagnetic Field and is Secular Variation", IAGA |
| Professor T Beer | Member |
| Dr R D Braddock | Member, Tsunami Commission, Joint IASPEI/IAVCEI/IAPSO Commission |
| Dr J Braun | Member, Commission on Geodynamics and Tectonophysics, IASPEI |
| Dr R Cas | Deputy Secretary, Executive Committee, IAVCEI |
| Dr R Coleman | National Correspondent, IAG |
| Dr D Denham | National Correspondent, IASPEI |
| Dr B Drummond | Member |
| Profesor B J Fraser | Member |
| Dr P J Fraser | Member |
| Dr W Featherstone | Chairman, Special Study Group 3.177, Synthetic Modelling of the Earth’s Gravity Field, IAG |
| Dr D M Finlayson | Member, Commission I Controlled Source Seismology |
| Dr G Gibson | Member, Sub-Commission on Strong Motion Seismology, IASPEI; Member, Committee for Developing Countries, IASPEI; Co-Leader, "Paleostress, neotectonics, geodynamics & natural hazards in West Pacific/Asia", IGCP (383) |
| Dr C Giddings | IAVCEI Secretariat |
| Mr S Han | Member |
| Professor A Henderson-Sellers | National Correspondent, IAMAS; Council Member, GAIM Task Force, IGBP |
| Professor A L Hales, FAA | Senior Advisor, Commission on Practice, IASPEI |
| Dr G A Houseman | Vice-President, Commission on Geodynamics and Tectonophysics, IASPEI |
| Dr I Jackson | Member SEDI Advisory Committee; Member, Commission on Physical and Chemical Properties of Materials of the Earth’s Interior, IASPEI/IAVCEI |
| Dr R W Johnson | Secretary-General, IAVCEI |
| Dr I S F Jones | National Correspondent, IAPSO |
| Dr J Kalma | National Representative, IAHS |
| Professor B L N Kennett, FAA | President, IASPEI; Member, Commission on Wave Propagation, IASPEI; National Correspondent, IASPEI; Member, Committee on Volcano Seismology, IASPEI/IAVCEI |
| Professor K Lambeck, FAA | Chairman, Inter-Association Committee, SEDI; Member, ILP Projects III-2 and I-2 |
| Professor I McDougall, FAA | National Correspondent, IAVCEI |
| Dr J McPhie | Member, Bureau, IAVCEI |
| Dr F Menik | Member |
| Dr R J Morris | Co-Chair, Working Group II-G "Antarctic Research" joint with Division III working Group III-5, IAGA; Co-Chair, Working Group III5 "Antarctic Research" joint with Division II Working Group II-G, IAGA |
| Dr T Murty | Member, Tsunami Commission, Joint IASPEI/IAVCEI/IAPSO Commission |
| Dr L Olive | Secretary, Continental Erosion Commission (ICCE), IAHS |
| Dr P F Rey | Co-Leader, Processes in the Lithosphere as Relected in Integrated Petrological and Geophysical Studies (Project Theme III-4), ICL/ILP |
| Dr C Rizos | Chairman, Quality Issues in Real Time GPS Positioning, IAG |
| Professor F D Stacey | Member, SEDI Advisory Committee |
| Dr M Stewart | Member |
| Dr J Turner | Vice President, International Commission on Tracers, IAHS |
| Dr R A Vincent | National Correspondent, IAGA, IUGG; President, IAMAS |
| Dr S L Webb | Member |
|
International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) |
|
| Professor R J Arculus | Chair, National Committee for Solid Earth Sciences (IUGS Adhering Body) |
| Dr A Bevan | Co-Leader 2, Impact and Extraterrestrial Spherules, IGCP (384), IUGS/UNESCO |
| Dr I Campbell | Member, Commission on Petrology and Chemistry of the Solid Earth (COPCSE) |
| Dr G C Chaproniére | Member, Subcommission on Paleogene Stratigraphy |
| Dr P J Cook | Vice-Chair, Commission on Global Sedimentary Geology (GSGP); Chair, Strategic Planning Working Group |
| Dr P J Davis | Co-Leader, Continental Shelves in Quaternary, IGCP (396) |
| Dr B A Engel | Member, ICS Subcommission on Carboniferous Stratigraphy |
| Dr G Gibson | Co-Leader, "Paleostress, neotectonics, geodynamics & natural hazards in West Pacific/Asia", IGCP (383) |
| Professor V A Gostin | Member, Commission on Global Sedimentary Geology |
| Dr D I Groves | Vice-President, Society of Economic Geologists, Inc. (SEG) (IUGS Affiliated Organisation) |
| Dr M Knight | President, International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAHS) (IUGS Affiliated Organisation) |
| Professor K Lambeck, FAA | Member, ILP Projects III-2 and I-2 |
| Dr I Lambert | Head Delegate, Council in Rio 2000 for Australian National Committee for Solid Earth Sciences |
| Dr C V Murray-Wallace, | Project Leader, Coastal Environment Change during Sea-Level Highstands: IGCP 437 (Joint Project IUGS/UNESCO) |
| Dr G R Mostyn | Vice-President for Australasia, International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) (IUGS Affiliated Organisation) |
| Dr J S Myers | Member, Commission on Tectonics (COMTEC) |
| Professor D R Oldroyd | Secretary-General, International Commission on the History of Geological Sciences (INHIGEO) |
| Ms E Papps | Co-Leader, Impact and Extraterrestrial Spherules, IGCP (384) |
| Professor I Plimer | President, International Association on the Genesis of Ore Deposits (IAGOD) (IUGS Affiliated Organisation); Co-Leader, Economic Superaccumulations of Metals in Lithosphere, IGCP (354) |
| Dr C Powell | Associate Editor, Episodes Editorial Board; Project Leader, Rodinia Assembly and Breakup: IGCP 440 (Joint project IUGS/UNESCO) |
| Dr N Radford | Vice-President, Association of Exploration Geochemists: AEG (IUGS Affiliated Organisation) |
| Professor J Roberts | Chairman, Subcommission on Carboniferous Stratigraphy |
| Dr C J Simpson | Chairman, Commissionon Geological Sciences for Environmental Planning: COGEOENVIRONMENT (IUGS Commission), and Regional Representative, Australia and Oceania for Commission on Geological Sciences for Environmental Planning COGEOENVIRONMENT (IUGS Commission) |
| Professor J A Talent | Project-Leader, North Gondwanan Mid-Paleozoic biodynamics, IGCP (421) |
| Professor S R Taylor, FAA | International Secretary, Geochemical Society (GC) (IUGS Affiliated Organisation); Member, Commission on Comparative Planetology (CCP) |
| Dr S Turner | Member, IGCP Scientific Board Working Group 1 on Stratigraphy, Palaeontology, Sedimentology, Fossil Fuels (IUGS/UNESCO) |
| Professor M Walter | Vice-Chair, Subcommission on the Terminal Proterozoic System (ICS STTP) |
| Dr B D Webby | Co-Leader 1, The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, IGCP (410) |
| Dr N Williams | Associate Editor, Episodes Editorial Board |
|
International Union of the History and Philosophy of Science (IUHPS) |
|
| Professor R W Home | Chair, Commission on Bibliography on Documentation, IUHPS-DHS |
| Dr G Priest | 1st Vice-President, IUHPS-DLMPS |
|
International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) |
|
| Professor G R Shellam | Council Member |
|
International Union of Microbiological Societies (IUMS) |
|
| Dr J P Bowman | Australian Representative, International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology |
| Dr M Cole | Chairman, International Commissionon Microbial Specifications for Foods (ICMFF) |
| Dr A Della-Porta | Representative Advisory Council, IUMS Virology Division; Chair, Data Subcommittee, International Commission on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |
| Dr P Desmarchelier | Member, Subcommittee on Vibrionaceae of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology (ICSB) |
| Dr D Ellis | Vice President, International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) |
| Associate Professor G Fleet | Chairman, International Commission on Yeasts and Yeast-like Organisms (ICY) |
| Professor A J Gibbs, FAA | Member, Virus Data Subcommittee, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |
| Dr A D Hocking | Secretary, International Commission on Food Mycology, (ICFM) |
| Dr I H Holmes | Representative, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV; Member, Vertebrate Virus Subcommittee |
| Dr I Kurthboke | Executive Board, World Federation for Culture Collections (WFCC), IUMS/IUBS |
| Professor J S Mackenzie | Secretary-General, IUMS |
| Dr W G Murrell | Member, ICSB Subcommittee on the Genus Bacillus |
| Dr J I Pitt | Chairman, International Commission on Food Mycology (ICFM); Chairman, International Commission on Penicillium and Aspergillus (ICPA); Member, International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF); Member, International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods (ICMSF); Representative, IUMS Mycology Divisional Council |
| Dr L I Sly | Member, Microbial Biodiversity Element, DIVERSITAS; Chair, Committee on Biodiversity, World Federationof Culture Collections IUMS/IUBS; Vice-President, International Committee on Biodiversity |
| Dr P R Stewart | Member, ICTV Bacterial Sub-committee; Chairman, ICTV Bacterial Sub-committee’s Study Group on Staphylococcus Phages |
| Dr C Ward | Member, Executive Committee, International Commission on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |
|
International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS) |
|
| Dr K S Bedi | Member, Nutrition and Mental Development Committee (II/5) |
| Mrs R English | Chair, Food Standards, Terminology and Informatics Committee (I/1) |
| Dr G J Faichney | Member, Nutrition of Ruminants Committee (III/5) |
| Dr D J Farrell | Chair, Nutrition of Poultry Committee (III/4) |
| Dr S B Harrap | Member, Genetics, Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Committee (I/6) |
| Dr M Hofman | Member, Nutrition, Informatics, & Electronic Communication Task Force |
| Professor B Hsu-Hage | Chair, Nutrition, Informatics & Electronic Communication Task Force |
| Dr A Kouris-Blazos | Member, Nutrition and Aging Committee (II/4) |
| Professor P J Nestel | Member, Genetics, Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Committee (I/6) |
| Dr J S Robinson | Member, Foetal/Infant Origin of Adult Disease Committee (I/5) |
| Dr B Smith | Member, Food Standards, Terminology and Informatics Committee (I/1) |
| Dr M Taverner | Member, Nutritional Consequences of Modern Trends in Animal Production Committee (III/6) |
| Professor A S Truswell | Chair, Advanced Nutrition Training Committee (II/6) |
| Professor M Wahlqvist | President; Chair, Nutrition and Aging Committee (II/4); Coordinator, Nutrition, Informatics & Electronic Communication Task Force |
| Dr T Worsley | Member, Nutrition and Food Habits Committee (II/2) |
|
International Union of Pharmacology (IUPHAR) |
|
| Professor J A Angus, FAA | Councillor; Executive Committee |
| Professor D Birkett | Chair, Section on Drug Metabolism; Delegate to the IUPHAR Council |
| Dr B Jarrott | Chair, Section on Teaching |
| Professor S R O’Donnell | Member, International Advisory Committee, IUPHAR 2002 World Congress of Pharmacology |
| Professor A Smith | Vice-Chair, Clinical Pharmacology Division; Member, International Advisory Board for CPT 2000 Congress |
|
International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS) |
|
| Dr D Allen | Member, Cardiovascular Physiology Commission |
| Dr L Aitkin | Member, Auditory Physiology Commission |
| Dr D Burke | Member, Somatosensory Commission |
| Dr D I Cook | Member, Gastrointestinal Commission |
| Professor D M DeKretser, FAA | Member, Reproductive Physiology Commission |
| Dr M Esler | Member, Clinical Physiology Commission |
| Dr J B Furness, FAA | Member, Gastrointestinal Commission |
| Professor S C Gandevia, FAA | Chair, Exercise and Work Commission, Member, Respiratory Commission |
| Dr I Gibbins | Member, Autonomic Nervous Commission |
| Dr J R S Hales | Member, Environmental Commission |
| Dr P Harris | Member, Renal Commission |
| Dr D Irvine | Member, Auditory Physiology Commission |
| Dr C McMillen | Member, Fetal and Neonatal Commission |
| Dr M Perry | Member, Microcirculation Commission |
| Professor M J Rowe | Chair, Somatosensory Physiology and Pain Commission |
| Dr A Sefton | Chair, Teaching of Physiology Commission |
| Dr R Seymour | Comparative Physiology Commission |
| Professor R V Short, FAA | Member, Endocrinology Commission |
| Dr E Tarjan | Food and Fluid Intake Commission |
| Dr M Wintour-Coghlan | Member, Fetal and Neonatal Commission |
| Professor J A Young, FAA | Councillor |
|
International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics (IUPAB) |
|
| Dr C G Dos Remedios | Member, IUPAB Council |
| Professor G King | Member, Biophysics Task Force |
|
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) |
|
| Professor P R Andrews | Associate Member, Medicinal Chemistry Section Committee, Chemistry and Human Health Division; Member, Working Party on Guidelines for Natural Product Collaborations, Chemistry and Human Health Division |
| Dr N W Barnett | Associate Member, Commission on Spectrochemical and Other Optical Procedures for Analysis, Analytical Chemistry Division |
| Professor M A Bennett, FAA | National Representative, Commission on Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Division |
| Professor D St C Black | Titular Member, Organic Chemistry Division Committee; Secretary, Subcommittee on Bioinorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Division; Titular Member, Pure and Applied Chemistry Editorial Advisory Board; Secretary, Subcommittee on Organic Synthesis, Organic Chemistry Division |
| Dr R W Boswell | Member, Subcommittee on Plasma Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Division |
| Professor R D Brown, FAA | IUPAC Representative, COSPAR |
| Dr R B Bucat | Titular Member, Committee on Teaching of Chemistry |
| Professor J R De Laeter | Member, Subcommittee for Isotopic Abundance Measurements, Inorganic Chemistry Division; National Representative, Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances, Inorganic Chemistry Division |
| Dr J S Edmonds | Titular Member, Commission on Microchemical Techniques and Trace Analysis, Analytical Chemistry Division |
| Mr T D Geary | Secretary, Chemistry and Human Health Division; Secretary, Clinical Chemistry Section Committee, Chemistry and Human Health Division |
| Professor R G Gilbert, FAA | Titular Member, Bureau, President, Macromolecular Division Committee |
| Mr D J Hamilton | Secretary, Commission on Agrochemicals and the Environment, Chemistry and the Environment Division |
| Dr G T Hefter | Member, Subcommittee on Liquid Solubilities, Analytical Chemistry Division |
| Dr R D Loss | Titular Member, Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances, Inorganic Chemistry Division; Secretary, Subcommittee for Isotopic Abundance Measurements, Inorganic Chemistry Division; Member, Subcommittee for Non-Terrestrial Isotopic Abundance Data, Inorganic Chemistry Division |
| Dr P M May | Associate Member, Commission on Equilibrium Data, Analytical Chemistry Division |
| Professor J Ralston | Titular Member, Commission on Colloid and Surface Chemistry including Catalysis, Physical Chemistry Division; Member, Subcommittee on Environmental Protection: Colloid, Surface and Catalytic Aspects, Physical Chemistry Division; Associate Member, Physical Chemistry Division Committee; Titular Member, Physical Chemistry Division Committee |
| Ms R L Robertson | Titular Member; Clinical Chemistry Section Committee, Chemistry and Human Health Division |
| Professor K J R Rosman | Member, Subcommittee for Isotopic Abundance Measurements, Inorganic Chemistry Division |
| Mr D Rutherford | Associate Member, Commission on Toxicology, Chemistry and Human Health Division |
| Professor C Wentrup, FAA | National Representative, Commission on Physical Organic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Division; National Representative, Commission on Photochemistry, Organic Chemistry Division |
| Dr J Whitfield | Clinical Chemistry Section Committee |
| Professor C L Young | Member, Subcommittee on Gas Solubilities |
| Dr J R Zdysiewicz | Associate Member, Commission on Physical Organic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Division |
|
International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) |
|
| Professor H A Bachor | Secretary, Commission on Quantum Electronics, C17; Associate Member, Commission on Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics (C15) (liaison with C17) |
| Associate Professor R Cross | Member, Commission on Plasma Physics (C16) |
| Dr C G Don | Member, International Commission for Acoustics (AC3) |
| Dr R L Dewar, FAA | Member, Commission Nuclear Physics (C16) |
| Dr H J Gardner | Member, Commission on Computational Physics (C20) |
| Professor D B Melrose, FAA | Secretary, Commission on Astrophysics, (C19); Associate Member (C16) Commission on Plasma Physics |
| Associate Professor P A Pearce | Member, Commission on Mathematical Physics (C18) |
| Dr R J Protheroe | Member, Commission on Cosmic Rays (C4) |
| Associate Professor A T Stelbovics | Member, Commission on Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics (C15) |
| Professor A W Thomas, FAA | Secretary, Commission on Nuclear Physics (C12) |
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International Union of Quaternary Research (INQUA) |
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| Dr J M Adams | Secretary, Commission on Terrestrial Carbon |
| Associate Professor A Chivas | Treasurer |
| Associate Professor J Dodson | President, Commission on the Holocene |
| Associate Professor L M Head | President, Australia, New Zealand and SW Pacific Sub-commission, Commission on the Holocene |
| Dr A P Kershaw | Member, PASH Working Group, Commission on Palaeoclimate |
| Professor C Ollier | Vice-President, Commission on Neotectonics |
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International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) |
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| Dr F Cook | Chair, Working Group on Acid Sulphate Soils |
| Professor P K Khanna | Chair, Sub-Commission on Forest Soils |
| Dr P Rengasamy | Chair, Commission VI on Soil Technology |
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International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM) |
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| Professor N Phan-Thien, FAA | Member, General Assembly |
| Professor R I Tanner, FAA | Member, General Assembly; Member, IUTAM Congress Committee |
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International Union of Toxicology (IUTOX) |
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| Dr P N Dimarco | Co-Chair, New and Developing Societies Commission |
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International Union for Vacuum Science Technique and Applications (IUVSTA) |
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| Professor J L Robins | President |
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International Water Association (IWA) |
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| Mr B Bolto | Member, Governing Board; Member, Scientific and Technical Committee |
| Mr D Garman | Member, Governing Board; Member, Executive Committee |
| Mr P Michel | Member, Governing Board |
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Pacific Science Council |
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| Dr W O’Sullivan | National Representative |
| Dr R G Ward | Vice-President, Pacific Science Association (PSA); National Representative |
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Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) |
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| Dr I Allison | Australian Delegate; Co-convenor, Antarctic Sea-Ice Processes and Climate (ASPeCt) |
| Dr L Belbin | Chair, Joint Committee on Antarctic Data; Member, SCAR-COMNAP Joint Committee on Antarctic Data Management |
| Professor B J Fraser | Member, Working Group on Solar-Terrestrial and Astrophysical Research |
| Mr H Hutchinson | Member and Secretary, Working Group on Physics and Chemistry of the Atmosphere |
| Dr D Lugg | Member, Working Group on Human Biology and Medicine |
| Mr J Manning | Chairman, Working Group on Geodesy and Geographic Information |
| Dr H J Marchant | Member, Working Group on Biology |
| Dr P E O’Brien | Chairman, Working Group on Solid-Earth Geophysics |
| Professor D M Stoddard | Alternate Delegate |
| Professor C J L Wilson | Member, Working Group on Geology |
| Dr E J Woehler | Chairman, Bird Biology Sub-Committee |
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Scientific Community on Oceanic Research (SCOR) |
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| Dr M L Banner | Chair, Working Group on the Role of Wave Breaking on Upper Ocean Dynamics (103); Associate Member, Working Group on Coupling of Winds, Waves and Currents in Coastal Models (111) |
| Dr S Blaber | Associate Member, Working Group on the Impact of World Fisheries Harvests on the Stability and Diversity of Marine Ecosystems (105) |
| Dr S Blackburn | Member, Scientific Steering Committee for Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms |
| Dr E F Bradley | Member, Working Group on the Intercomparison and Validation of Ocean-Atmosphere Energy Flux Fields (110); Associate Member, Working Group on the Influence of Sea State on the Atmospheric Drag Coefficient (101) |
| Professor J M A Chappell, FAA | Associate Member, Working Group on Synthesis of Decadal to Millenial Climate Research of the last 80Ky (117) |
| Dr A Constable | Associate Member, Working Group on the Impact of World Fisheries Harvests on the Stability and Diversity of Marine Ecosystems (105) |
| Dr P Craig | Member, Working Group on Coupling of Winds, Waves and Currents in Coastal Models (111) |
| Dr B de la Mare | Associate Member, Working Group on The Impact of World Fisheries Harvests on the Stability and Diversity of Marine Ecosystems (105) |
| Dr T J Done | Nominated Member; Member, Working Group on Coral Reef Responses to Global Change: The Role of Adaptation (104) |
| Dr A Forbes | Chair, Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climates |
| Dr R Francey | Member, IOC/SCOR CO2 Panel |
| Dr S J Hall | Member, Working Group on The Impact of World Fisheries Harvests on the Stability and Diversity of Marine Ecosystems (105); Associate Member, SCOR/IOC Working Group on Quantitative Ecosystem Indicators for Fisheries Management (119) |
| Dr G Jacobsen | Member, Working Group 112, Magnitude of Submarine Groundwater Discharge and its Influence on Coastal Oceanographic Processes |
| Dr C Johnston | Member, Working Group on Improved Global Bathymetry (107) |
| Dr I S F Jones | Co-opted Member, Executive Committee; Nominated Member; Co-Chair, Working Group on the Influence of Sea State on the Atmospheric Drag Coefficient (101) |
| Dr A P Kershaw | Member, Working Group on the Evolution of Asian Monsoon in Marine Records: Comparison Between Indian and East Asian Subsystems (113) |
| Dr A Koslow | Associate Member, Working Group on The Impact of World Fisheries Harvests on the Stability and Diversity of Marine Ecosystems (105) |
| Dr T J McDougall, FAA | Member, Working Group on Double Diffusion (108) |
| Dr T Murty | Associate Member, Working Group on Relative Sea Level and Muddy Coasts of the World (106) |
| Dr P Nielsen | Member, Working Group on Transport and Reaction in Permeable Marine Sediments (114) |
| Dr B Opdyke | Associate Member, Working Group on Coral Reef Responses to Global Change: The Role of Adaptation (104); Member, SCOR/IGBP Committee on Future Ocean Research in Earth System Science |
| Dr J Parslow | Nominated Member |
| Dr A B Pittock | Member, Working Group on Coral Reef Responses to Global Change: The Role of Adaptation (104) |
| Dr K Sainsbury | Member, Working Group on The Impact of World Fisheries Harvests on the Stability and Diversity of Marine Ecosystems (105); Associate Member, SCOR/IOC Working Group on Quantitative Ecosystem Indicators for Fisheries Management (119) |
| Dr T Smith | Associate Member, Working Group on The Impact of World Fisheries Harvests on the Stability and Diversity of Marine Ecosystems (105); Member, Working Group on SCOR/IOC Working Group on Quantitative Ecosystem Indicators for Fisheries Management (119) |
| Dr J Stevens | Associate Member, Working Group on The Impact of World Fisheries Harvests on the Stability and Diversity of Marine Ecosystems (105) |
| Dr B Tilbrook | Member, Scientific Steering Committee for Joint Global Ocean Flux Study |
| Dr T Trull | Member, Working Group on Sediment Trap and 234-Th Methods for Carbon Export Flux Determination (116) |
| Dr D Waite | Member, Working Group on Biogeochemistry of Iron in Seawater (109) |
| Dr I Webster | Member, Working Group on Transport and Reaction in Permeable Marine Sediments (114) |
| Dr E Wolanski | Member, Working Group on Relative Sea Level and Muddy Coasts of the World (106) |
| Dr D Yellowlees | Associate Member, Working Group on Coral Reef Responses to Global Change: The Role of Adaptation (104) |
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Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) |
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| Dr J T Baker | Executive; Chairman, Project on Waste Management; Co-Chair, Aquaculture and Mariculture; Material Flow Analysis Workshop |
| Dr H Brookfield | SAC member, Sustainable Biosphere Project |
| Dr P Daniels | Material Flow Analysis Workshop |
| Dr J R Freney | Co-Chairman, SCOPE Nitrogen Transport and Transportation Project |
| Dr R Hobbs | SAC Member, Global Strategy for Alien Invasive Species Project |
| Dr P Hutchings | SAC member, Biodiversity in Soils and Sediments |
| Dr M McLaughlin | SAC Member, Project on Cadmium in the Environment |
| Professor R O Slatyer, FAA | SAB member, Sustainable Biosphere Project |
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Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics (SCOSTEP) |
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| Professor K D Cole, FAA | Member, SCOSTEP Awards Committee; Member, SCOSTEP Finance Committee |
| Professor P L Dyson | Scientific Discipline Representative; Member, PSMOS Steering Committee |
| Professor B J Fraser | Adherent Representative; Scientific Discipline Representative; Member, S-Ramp Steering Committee |
| Dr R J Thompson | Director, International Space Environment Service (ISES); ISES Representative |
| Dr R A Vincent | Vice-President, Bureau of SCOSTEP; Co-Chair, EPIC Steering Committee |
| Dr P J Wilkinson | Member, S-RAMP Space Weather Committee |
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Union Radio Scientifique Internationale (URSI) |
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| Professor W N Christiansen, FAA | Honorary President |
| Professor D Skellern | Member, Long-range Planning Committee |
| Dr P J Wilkinson | President, Member Committee, Chair, Commission G on Ionospheric Radio and Propagation; Vice-Chair, Working Group G.1 on Ionosonde Network Advisory Group; Representative URSI in ISES |
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