Distinguished for his major contributions to the immunology of parasitic diseases of medical and veterinary importance. He has used a combination of techniques in molecular and cellular immunology, in immunogenetics and in epidemiology to characterise antiparasitic immune responses and the mechanisms of parasite evasion, and to identify genetically based variations in host resistance. He was the first to demonstrate the power of monoclonal antibodies in the development of new immunodiagnostic tests. His work has made immunoparasitology a major field in biomedical research with good prospects for the early development of protective vaccines.