Lois Salamonsen is internationally recognised for her transformative contributions to human fertility/infertility related to the uterus (womb). Her work addresses immense global challenges and is delivering new translational concepts to alleviate uterine infertility without IVF, for a proportion of the 17% of infertile couples world-wide. Salamonsen’s work has also pioneered new approaches to developing non-hormonal contraceptives and increasing the acceptability of existing long acting contraceptives, which are urgently needed to stem world population growth and hence alleviate poverty.